1. Unit 1 Recap
Native Americans lived in numerous societies – livelihood based on geography.
European exploration turned into colonization – led to decline in Native American population
Many European nations “colonized” the so-called New World (Portugal, Spain, France, the Netherlands, and the British).
The British = 13 colonies (one of which, the Massachusetts Bay Colony was the setting of Arthur Miller’s The Crucible.)

2. The colonies declare independence
What does “colonial America” mean?
1600
1700
1800
1900
“colonial America”
United States
British established 13 colonies in the America
The colonies declare independence
(July 4, 1776)
NO MORE COLONIES!
NO MORE SUBJECTS OF THE BRITISH CROWN!
British citizens
or “subjects”

3. Arthur Miller’s The Crucible (the play we will begin to read next week) takes place in a small town called Salem in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Locate Salem on your map and label it.

4. Will eventually become…
The United States of America

5. Today’s Aim: To identify and evaluate the differences among the three colonial regions of British North America.

6. Geography as well as climate greatly affected people’s livelihoods in the English colonies.
New England Colonies
Middle Colonies
Southern Colonies

7. * Absence of large-scale farming = very few slaves/indentured servants
New England Colonies
Geography/Climate = Rocky soil
Dense forests
Coastal waters
Economy based on = Small-scale farming
Timber (shipbuilding)
Cod, halibut, shellfish, whale, oysters, etc…
* Absence of large-scale farming = very few slaves/indentured servants

8. * Slaves/indentured servants most often worked as house servants
Middle Colonies
Geography/Climate = River valleys rich and fertile
Growing season longer
than in New England region
Economy based on = Medium-scale farming
(Wheat, barley and rye)
Raised cattle and pigs
Urban employment
* Slaves/indentured servants most often worked as house servants

9. * Large-scale farming = large population of slaves/indentured servants
Southern Colonies
Geography/Climate = Warm temperatures and regular rainfall
Rich and fertile soil
Economy based on = Large-scale farming (plantations)
Rice, tobacco, indigo (north) Cotton (south)
* Large-scale farming = large population of slaves/indentured servants

10. SLAVE POPULATION AS PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL POPULATION OF ORGINIAL THIRTEEN COLONIES, 1770
Colony
Slave Population
Percentage
New Hampshire
654 1%
Massachusetts
4,754 2%
Connecticut
5,698 3%
Rhode Island
3,791 6%
New York
19,062
12%
New Jersey
8,220 7%
Pennsylvania
5,561
Delaware
1,836 5%
Maryland
63,818
32%
Virginia
187,600
42%
North Carolina
69,600
35%
South Carolina
75,168
61%
Georgia
15,000
45&