1. China and Japan Limit European Influences
Sections 3-2 & 3-3

2. China Limits Trade with Europe
In order to show Chinese superiority, Zheng He embarked on seven missions of exploration

3. The Ming Dynasty
Foreign trade was only done in 3 port cities: Canton, Macao, and Ningbo
Many merchants operated outside of the law and smuggled silk, spices, and other goods

4. The Manchus
The Manchu created the Qing Dynasty & eventually gained the Chinese people’s trust by upholding Confucian values and making the borders safe
They expanded China’s borders to include Taiwan, Mongolia, and Tibet

5. Trade with Europeans
The Manchu (Qing Dynasty) continued their restrictive trade policies with Europeans
Some European leaders wanted an easing of these restrictions and asked the emperor for this. But their refusal to abide by Chinese tradition caused China to cut off all ties.

6. Japan returns to Isolationism
At 1st the Japanese were open to trade (they wanted European firearms)
Europeans became aggressive in their attempts to convert the Japanese
The introduction of Christian/ European ideas into Japan threatened the power base of the shogun

7. The Shogun Responds
The Shogun could not separate the merchants from the missionaries, so they cut off all ties with Europeans and close Japan’s borders
Due to the closed country policy, most of the East closed and Europeans began to concentrate more on the Americas