1. Heat Stress Management
Objective
It is the policy of CSP to provide equipment necessary to prevent injury in the event of exposure to high ambient temperatures while wearing chemical protective equipment.
The required personal protective equipment must always be worn to prevent chemical exposure:
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2. Heat Stress Management
Objectives
CSP will supply:
Chemical protective clothing that is light-weight and breathable providing comfort to the operator.
Cooling vests that can be worn under the chemical protective clothing. These vests maintain comfortable temperatures of the upper part of the body for several hours.
Water fountains within close distance of filling stations.
Thirst quenchers in the form of powder that can be mixed with cold water to replenish electrolytes
Cooling head wraps and neck cooling wraps
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3. Heat Stress management
Objectives
Operators must become familiarized with the symptoms and types of hazards that result from heat stress exposure.
Operators must review the list of preventive measures that can be used to avoid heat stress.
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4. Heat Stress Management
Symptoms
Plant personnel working in areas where there is a potential for heat stress may recognize it by looking for the following symptoms:
Heat Rash: Mainly caused by sweat not being removed from the skin. The oils in sweat can cause pores to plug and results in a painful rash. The rash is aggravated by contact with heat.
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5. Heat Stress Management
Symptoms
Heat Cramps: Painful spams of muscles normally in the lower extremities.
The spams are the result of dehydration.
When a person sweats large amounts of fluid out of the body, the electrolytes necessary for muscle movement are also sweated out.
Heat Fainting (Syncope) is normally caused by workers not being accustomed to the hot environment, or maintaining the same posture for a long period of time.
The condition is caused by a lack of sufficient blood flow to the brain.
The temporary loss of consciousness is an indication that deeper heat related problems may result.
Trauma may result when a person faints and hits the ground.
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6. Heat Stress Management
Symptoms
Heat Exhaustion is the most common of the serious heat illnesses. The main cause is an excessive loss of fluid from the body. The body tries to compensate and keep the core temperature regulated by sweating very heavily. Symptoms include:
Heavy sweating
Cool, clammy, pale skin
Weak, rapid pulse
Dizziness, weakness, fatigue
Uncoordinated actions
Nausea
Headache
Loss of consciousness
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7. Heat Stress Management
Symptoms
Heat Stroke is a very serious condition where the body is no longer able to regulate the internal temperature. It can be fatal if not treated in a timely fashion. Signs include:
Hot, dry and flushed skin
Confusion or unconsciousness
Seizures
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8. Heat Stress Management
Prevention
Heat Rash can be prevented by showering or washing out the sweaty residue and allowing the skin to breath and dry.
Heat Cramps can be prevented with fluid replacement. The fluids may be sports drinks with electrolytes already in them. Fruits such as oranges or bananas would also help with the electrolyte replacement. Also, gently stretching and massaging the affected muscles will help. Always drink plenty of fluids.
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9. Heat Stress management
Prevention
Heat Fainting (Syncope) can be prevented by standing or sitting up slowly. Recognizing the light headed feeling that may come before an episode and lying down. Flexing the leg muscles before standing can also help to avoid fainting.
Heat Exhaustion can be treated by first removing the person from any chemical protective clothing and let the person cool down slowly. Replacement of fluids into the body is very important. Rapid treatment of the heat exhaustion is very important the prevent the progression into heat stroke.
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10. Heat Stress management
Prevention
Heat Stroke must be treated rapidly. The affected person must have their airway protected if consciousness is lost. Get the victim into a cool place out of the chemical protective clothing and cool them slowly. Cooling the core of the body through the use of tepid water is very important. It could be dangerous to quickly cool someone with heat stroke symptoms. The victim needs to be transported to a hospital quickly for medical intervention.
In general, heat symptoms can be prevented through the appropriate combination of work/rest schedules.
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11. Cold Stress Management
Objective
It is the policy of CSP to provide equipment necessary to prevent injury in the event of exposure to low ambient temperatures while wearing chemical protective equipment.
The required personal protective equipment must always be worn to prevent chemical exposure:
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12. Cold Stress Management
Objectives
CSP will supply:
Winter work gloves
Winter coveralls for loaders and field operators
Balaclavas
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13. Cold Stress Management
Exposure to cold temperatures can cause:
Hypothermia
Frostbite
Trench Foot
Chilblains
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14. Cold Stress Management
Hypothermia occurs when the body loses heat faster than if can produce.
Normal human core temp is 98.60F
If core body temperature reaches 850F, a person may lose consciousness
If core body temperature reaches 780F, a person may die
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15. Cold Stress Management
Mild hypothermia is defined as core body temp between F. Symptoms may include:
Shivering, Fatigue, Loss of coordination, Slurred Speech, Pale, cold skin
First aid for mild hypothermia
Move to warm area, Stay physically active
Remove any wet clothes and put on dry clothes or blankets
Drink warm (not hot) sugary drinks, avoid caffeine and alcohol
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16. Cold Stress Management
Moderate hypothermia is defined as core body temp between F. Symptoms may include:
Shivering stops, confusion, reduced breathing and/or heartrate, unable to walk or stand, irrational behavior
First Aid
Same as for mild hypothermia with the addition of calling 911, covering all exposed skin; place hot packs or water bottles on head, neck, chest, and groin.
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17. Cold Stress Management
Severe hypothermia is defined as core body temp between F. Symptoms may include:
Severe muscle stiffness, sleepy or unconscious, extremely cold skin, irregular or difficult to find pulse.
First Aid
Call 911, handle victim carefully (sudden movement can upset pulse), Do not attempt to re-warm.
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18. Cold Stress Management
Frostbite is defined as an injury to the body caused by freezing. Most areas effected are nose, ears, cheeks, chin, fingers, and toes. May damage body tissue
Symptoms may include:
Reduced blood flow, numbness, tingling or stinging, aching, blue or pale waxy skin.
First aid
Get to warm area, do not use frostbitten fingers or toes, immerse in warm (not hot) water, do not rub or massage (may increase tissue damage), be careful not to burn the skin.
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19. Cold Stress Management
Trench foot is defined as an injury caused by prolonged exposure to wet and cold conditions. May damage body tissue
Trench foot can occur at temperatures as high at 600F
Symptoms may include:
Redness, numbness, cramps, swelling, tingling, blisters, bruising, gangrene (skin turns purple/blue then yellow then gray/black)
First aid
Remove wet boots and socks, dry feet, avoid walking
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20. Cold Stress Management
Chilblains is defined as repeated exposure to temperatures just above freezing up to 600F. The exposure damages capillaries just under the skin. Most common on ears, cheeks, fingers and toes. The damage is permanent.
Symptoms may include
Redness, itching, blistering, inflammation, ulceration.
First aid
Avoid scratching, slowly warm skin, use corticosteroid creams for itching and swelling.
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21. Cold Stress Management
In general prevention is best by:
Using appropriate clothing
Using appropriate work/rest schedules
Using engineering controls
Staying out of the cold as much as possible
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