1. The Plant Body
Chapter 3
January 20 & 25

2. Objectives: Introduce the concept of monocots and dicots
Present the basic plant body plan
Introduce the four fundamental plant organs
Examine the anatomy of stems, leaves, and roots
Consider the botany of some familiar vegetables

3. Plant Classification - a place to start
PLANTS
non-flowering
plants
flowering plants
monocots
dicots

4. Dicots Examples trilliums (& other lilies), grasses, palms, tulips,
orchids
roses, oaks,
peas,
buttercupsmaples,
sunflowers
Mono-
cots
Dicots
Dicots

5. Construction of the Plant Body:
Organs (example: stem)
Tissue Systems (example: vascular)
Tissues (example: xylem)
Cells (example: tracheids)

6. The Four Plant Organ Types
flower
stem
leaf
root
The Four Plant Organ Types

7. Reproductive
Body
Vegetative
Body

8. There are four plant organs:
. The Vegetative Body:
.The Shoot:
. Stem
. Leaf
. The Root
I. The Reproductive Body: Flowers

9. The Vegetative Body

10. Stems Function in support, transport, and storage
Are radially symmetrical
Function in support, transport, and storage

11. epidermis
vascular
cylinder
pith
Stem Morphology
cortex

12. In the dicot stem, vascular bundles
are arranged in a ring.

13. In the monocot stem, vascular bundles are
scattered throughout the cortex.
There is no pith.

14. Which of these common vegetables are stems?
Beets
Fiddleheads
Celery
Asparagus
None of the above

16. Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) Lily family
Asparagus is native to most of Europe, northern Africa and western Asia,

17. Bamboo Shoots
Bambusa sp.
Grass family

18. Types of Specialized Stems

19. Leaves Are borne laterally on stems
Are dorsiventral
Are borne laterally on stems
Function in sun-gathering, cooling, and storage

20. Parts of a Leaf
blade
petiole

21. The Place Where a Leaf Attaches to the Stem is
Called a Node
axillary bud
node
blade
petiole

22. The plant body
is a system of
repeating nodes
and internodes

23. Figure 35.5 Simple versus compound leaves

24. Reticulate (netted) venation, dicot leaf

25. Parallel venation, monocot leaf

26. Leaf Anatomy

27. Stomate

28. Edible leaves Lettuce, chard, kale, spinach (blades) Celery (petioles)
Fiddleheads (immature leaves)

30. Fiddleheads (Matteuccia struthiopteris)
Collected wild, not cultivated,
Geographic distribution = NE North America, Europe, Asia
Grows on riverine floodplains
Other fern species not very edible

32. Roots Are non-photosynthetic
Function in anchorage, absorption, and storage
Are non-photosynthetic
Ended here, Jan. 20, 2011

33. radicle

34. Fibrous roots
Tap root

35. dicot root, cross section
epidermis
endodermis
cortex
vascular cylinder
dicot root, cross section

36. dicot root, cross section

37. endodermis

38. monocot root, cross section
epidermis
endodermis
cortex
vascular cylinder
pith

39. Edible roots

41. Carrots (Daucus carota) Parsley family
Geographic origin = Europe, Asia Minor
Domesticated early
Member of a relatively poisonous plant family

43. Earliest records for cultivation of carrots
Black Sea

44. Daucus carota
Queen Anne’s lace

45. How plants grow:
Meristems

46. There are two kinds of meristems:
Apical meristems - increase the length of stems and roots
Lateral meristems - increase the girth of stems and roots

47. Shoot Apical Meristem, l.s.
Apical dome
Leaf primordium
Axillary bud

48. Shoot Apical Meristem

49. Which of the following would be present In a root apical meristem?
Leaf primordia
Axillary buds
A region of actively dividing cells
All of the above

50. Cell division in the lateral meristem increases the girth of the stem

52. The lateral meristem that produces wood is called the
inside
outside
vascular cambium
The lateral meristem that produces wood is called the
vascular cambium.

53. Secondary Growth in a Woody Plant