1. Part II: Water, Carbon, and Oxygen Cycles

2. KEY CONCEPT Matter cycles in and out of an ecosystem.

3. Elements essential for life cycle through ecosystems.
A biogeochemical cycle is the movement of a particular chemical through the biological and geological parts of an ecosystem.
Incl. Water, Oxygen, Carbon, Nitrogen, & Phosphorus

4. Water Cycle

5. Water cycles through the environment.
The hydrologic, or water, cycle is the circular pathway of water on Earth.
Organisms all have bodies made mostly of water.
precipitation
condensation
transpiration
evaporation
water storage
in ocean
surface
runoff
lake
groundwater
seepage

6. Water (hydrologic) Cycle
Plants absorb water from the soil
Transpiration and respiration return water to the atmosphere
Precipitation returns water to the soil
Nonmetal oxides in the atmosphere combine with water to form acid rain

7. Parts of the water cycle
Evaporation: water changes from liquid to vapor
Transpiration: water evaporates from plants
Condensation: water changes from vapor to liquid Ex: clouds, fog
Precipitation: water is released from clouds in the form of rain, freezing rain, sleet, snow, or hail

9. Rain Shadow Effect Moist air reaches a mountain range.
Increase in elevation causes condensation which leads to precipitation.
Air is dry by the time it reaches the other side of the mountain.
Results in deserts

10. The Carbon Cycle

11. Carbon is the building block of life.
The carbon cycle moves carbon from the atmosphere, through the food web, and returns to the atmosphere.
Carbon is emitted by the burning of fossil fuels.
Some carbon is stored for long periods of time in areas called carbon sinks.
fossil fuels
photosynthesis
carbon dioxide
dissolved in water
decomposition
of organisms
respiration
carbon
dioxide
in air
combustion

12. The Carbon Cycle Carbon is fixed by plants
6 CO H2O  C6H12O6 + 6 O2
Carbon is given off by consumers
C6H12O6 + 6 O2  6 CO2 + 6 H2O
Organisms containing carbon form fossil fuels
Burning fossil fuels releases carbon
2 C8H O2  16 CO H2O

13. Carbon Cycle

14. Greenhouse Effect
Gases in the Earth’s atmosphere trap solar radiation, this increases the Earth’s temperature.
Gases include water vapor, methane, CO2, Aerosols (CFCs)
May cause global warming

16. The Oxygen Cycle

17. Oxygen cycles indirectly through an ecosystem by the cycling of other nutrients.
respiration
carbon
dioxide
photosynthesis

18. The Oxygen Cycle Oxygen is produced by photosynthesis
6 CO2 + 6 H2O  C6H12O6 + 6 O2
The largest chemical process on earth!
Oxygen is sequestered by respiration
C6H12O6 + 6 O2  6 CO2 + 6 H2O

19. C6H12O6 + 6 O2  6 CO2 + 6 H2O
6 CO2 + 6 H2O  C6H12O6 + 6 O2

20. Biogeochemical Cycles
Phosphorus cycle
Nitrogen cycle
Water cycle
Carbon cycle
Oxygen cycle
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