1. Classification of Matter

2. Pure Substance Has a definite composition Examples:
elements – rock salt compounds – sand or silicon dioxide

3. Elements Definite composition Made of one kind of atom
Cannot be broken down by chemical or physical means
Listed on the Periodic Table

4. Models of an Element
One kind of atom
One kind of atom

5. Compound Definite composition
Made of two or more elements that have been chemically combined
Can be broken down by chemical means such as electrolysis, heat
Example: sodium bicarbonate

6. Model of a Compound
Two elements chemically combined

7. Mixture Variable composition
Two or more pure substances physically mixed together
Can be separated by physical means.

8. Model of A Mixture
Element and Compound
2 Different Elements

9. Heterogeneous Mixture
Variable composition
Non-uniformly mixed

10. Homogeneous Mixture Variable composition Uniformly mixed
Can be separated by distillation or chromatography

11. Matter Classification

12. Separation of Mixtures
Mixtures can be separated by physical means such as distillation; chromatography, filtration, and evaporation
Magnetism can also be used to separate mixtures

13. Evaporation
A liquid can be removed from a mixture of a solid and liquid by evaporation.

14. Filtration
A mixture of a solid and liquid can be separated by filtration.

15. Chromatography Paper Chromatography Used to separate mixtures
Different parts move quicker on paper than others

16. Fractional Distillation
Used to separate two or more liquids with different boiling points
Liquids in the mixture are miscible (e.g. alcohol/water, crude oil etc.)

17. Simple Distillation Simple distillation
Used to separate a pure liquid from dissolved solid impurities which have a very high boiling point.

18. Practice

19. 1. Sulfur: S

20. 2. Carbon

21. 3. Vinegar ( 3% acetic acid and 97% water)

22. 4. Fruit Cocktail

23. 5. Dry Ice: CO2

24. 6. AIR ( 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% other gases)

25. 7. GRANITE

26. 8. Sodium Bicarbonate) (NaHCO3)

27. 9. Pure Gold

28. 10. River Water

29. 11. Sugar:C6H12O6

30. 12. Distilled Water:H2O

31. 13. Egg

32. 14.) Gasoline – made of hydrocarbons 5 to 12 carbons long

33. 15.) 18 Karat Yellow Gold
– Alloy
Gold 75%, Silver 16%, Copper 9%

34. 16. Toothpaste

35. 17. Neon: Ne

36. 18. Concrete

37. 19. Sterling Silver
Alloy
Silver (92.5%), Copper (7.5%)

38. Which of the following are:
20. Elements ____
a. C, A, G
b. B., G, H
c. A, C, D
d. G, B, E
21. Compounds
a. G only
b. B only
c. G, C
d. H, E
22. Mixtures
a. E, C, F
b. G, F, H
c. B, E, F, H
d. B, F, C

39. 23. Which of the pictures represents a mixture of 2 or more elements?
a. E, F, H
b. B, C, G
c. E only
d. G, C, B
24. Which represents a mixture of compounds?
a. G, F, C
b. G, B
c. B, G, F
d. B only
25. Which of the pictures represents a diatomic molecule?
a. C, G
b. C only
c. C, H, G
d. C, F, G