1. Dependent and Independent Clauses
Independent Clause—A statement with a subject and predicate that can stand alone as a sentence.
EX: Christine studied for the chemistry quiz.
Dependent Clause—An incomplete thought that is missing either a subject or a predicate.
EX: Without my horse.

2. Subordinate and Coordinate Conjunctions
Coordinate Conjunctions—Words that join two independent clauses.
EX: and, but, or, nor, so, yet
Subordinate Conjunctions—Words that join an independent clause and a dependent clause.
EX: after, although, because, if, since, than, while

3. Identify the Subordinate or Coordinate Conjunctions in the sentences below.
Although it was cold outside, we decided to go for a morning run.
He practiced very hard, yet he could not seem to master the piano.
She is known for her kindness and for her friendliness.
They could not walk home because it was raining heavily.

4. Adverbial, Adjectival, and Noun Phrases
Noun Phrase—A phrase that includes a noun and all of its modifiers.
EX: The fat dog on the couch drooled all over the pillows.
Adjectival Phrase—A group of words behaving like an adjective (describing a noun).
EX: That final exam was unbelievably difficult.
Adverb Phrase—A group of words that behave like an adverb (describing a verb).
EX: He talked in a low voice to avoid being overheard.

5. Identify the Adverbial, Adjectival, or Noun phrases in each sentence below.
My best friend and I camped in the backyard.
The yellow flowers in the front yard smell nice.
The overweight cat is surprisingly quick.
We sat in silence, waiting for the play to start.