1. EL117 Unit 1: Session (1) Prepared By: Dr. Marine Milad

2. EL117 Objectives
The course aims at equipping you with necessary skills to produce well organized polished piece of writing by integrating reading and writing skills.
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3. EL117 Objectives By the end of this course you will be able to:
Build different types of sentences
Outline and plan their writing
Paraphrase, summarize and reference their writing
Develop sentences into paragraphs
Develop paragraphs into essays
Edit and proofread your writing
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4. EL117 Tutorials
TWO hours face to face meeting per week as per the fixed timetable.
ONE hour office hour (workshop) per section.
During the workshop:
The tutors discuss and give proper feedback on students’ e- portfolio assignments
The students practice the assigned exercises in the book as per the course calendar.
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5. EL117 Assessment Course Work Portfolio (1st submission) 2% Week 4
Quiz 1 7% Week 6
MTA 30% Week 8
Portfolio (2nd submission) 2% Week 10
Quiz % Week 12
Portfolio (3rd Submission) 2% Week 13
Final Examination
Final %
Total Mark
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6. Warm-up Activity
Write an extended paragraph on a topic of your choice for 20 minutes.
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7. What is a word?
A single distinct meaningful element of speech or writing, used with others or sometimes alone to form a sentence
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8. What is a word? noun, verb, adjective, pronoun, preposition, adverb,
There are eight categories of words:
noun,
verb,
adjective,
pronoun,
preposition,
adverb,
conjunction and
Interjection/Interruption.
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9. What is a sentence?
A sentence is a group of words that are put together to mean something.
A sentence is the basic unit of language which expresses a complete thought.
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10. What is a sentence?
A complete sentence has at least a subject and a main verb to state (declare) a complete thought.
For example:
I write English.
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11. What is a sentence?
In English and many other languages, the first word of a written sentence has a capital letter.
At the end of the sentence there is a full stop or full point (American: 'period').
You speak English .
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12. Types of Sentences
There are four types of sentences: - Simple Sentence
- Compound Sentence
- Complex Sentence
- Compound complex sentence
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13. Basic Elements of Every Sentence
SUBJECT
PREDICATE
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14. Basic Elements SUBJECT PREDICATE Mary plays tennis. 14/11/2018
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15. The Simple Sentence
A simple sentence has one independent clause (one subject and a verb):
in London. I
live
Subject
Verb
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16. Simple Sentence We went to the club. Pronoun Verb Prepositional phrase
Simple subject
Complete predicate
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17. Practice (1) Write three simple sentences
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18. Compound Sentence
A compound sentence contains two main clauses that are joined together.
She works in the city,
she lives in the suburbs.
but
Main Clause
Main Clause
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19. Compound Sentence We went to the club,
Prepositional phrase
Subject
Verb
We went to the club,
Coordinating
Conjunction
Predicate
and most of us danced all night .
Subject
Modifying phrase
Verb
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20. - a coordinating conjunction - a transition
Compound Sentence
You can make a compound sentence by joining two logically related independent clauses by using…
- a semicolon
- a coordinating conjunction
- a transition
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21. Using a Semicolon Main Clause ; Main Clause
I love living in the city ; there are so many things to do.
Main Clause
Main Clause
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22. Using a Coordinating Conjunction
Main Clause ,coordinating conjunction dependent Clause
He couldn’t watch the show, so he decided to tape it.
Main Clause
Main Clause
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23. Coordinating Conjunctions
Logical Relationship
Coordinating Conjunction
Addition
And
Contrast
But / yet
Choice
Or / nor
Cause
For
Result So
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24. Another way to remember these is…
FANBOYS
Another way to remember these is…
For  F
And  A
Nor  N
But  B
Or  O
Yet  Y
So  S
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25. No comma- not a main clause
CAUTION!
Do NOT use a comma every time you use the words and, or, but, nor, for, so, yet. Use a comma only when the coordinating conjunction joins two independent clauses.
Simple Sentence
The necklace was beautiful but expensive.
Main Clause
No comma- not a main clause
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26. Using a Transition Independent Clause ; transition , dependent Clause
I love Cairo ; however, I hate the traffic.
Main Clause
Main Clause
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27. Practice (2) Write two compound sentences
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28. Subordinating Conjunction
Complex Sentences
A complex sentence contains at least one independent clause and one dependent clause.
Sara cannot come to the meeting
because she is sick.
Main Clause
Subordinating Conjunction
Dependent Clause
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29. Subordinating Conjunction
Complex Sentences
Use a comma after a dependent clause if it begins the sentence.
When I first moved to the city,
I was afraid to drive through the steep and narrow streets.
Use a comma if the dependent clause is the first part of the sentence.
Subordinating Conjunction
Main Clause
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30. Complex Sentence Since we wanted to have fun,
Subordinating
Conjunction
Part that cannot stand alone
Subject
Predicate
we went to the club yesterday.
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31. Compound-Complex Sentence
Subordinating
Conjunction
Since we wanted to have fun,
Part that cannot stand alone
my friends and I went to the club,
Subject
Predicate
Coordinating
Conjunction
and we danced all night.
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32. Practice (3) Write two compound-complex sentences.
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33. What is a paragraph?
A paragraph is a group of sentences that develop a single point, idea or topic. Every Paragraph should have:
A topic sentence
Supporting sentences
A concluding sentence
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34. What is a paragraph? A topic sentence:
Should present the main idea in the paragraph you are writing. It shouldn’t be too broad or too narrow.
Supporting sentences:
They should all support the topic sentence and should be relevant. Any irrelevant sentence shall be crossed out.
A concluding sentence:
This sentence brings your paragraph to a closure.
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35. Read the paragraph below and fill in the following graphic organizer (flow chart)
My hometown is famous for several amazing natural features.  First, it is noted for the Wheaton River, which is very wide and beautiful. Also, on the other side of the town is Wheaton Hill, which is unusual because it is very steep. The third amazing feature is the Big Old Tree. This tree stands two hundred feet tall and is probably about six hundred years old. These three landmarks are truly amazing and make my hometown a famous place.
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36. Hamburger Paragraphs
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37. Topic sentence
My hometown is famous for several amazing natural features.  First, it is noted for the Wheaton River, which is very wide and beautiful. Also, on the other side of the town is Wheaton Hill, which is unusual because it is very steep. The third amazing feature is the Big Old Tree. This tree stands two hundred feet tall and is probably about six hundred years old. These three landmarks are truly amazing and make my hometown a famous place.
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38. Supporting sentences/details
My hometown is famous for several amazing natural features.  First, it is noted for the Wheaton River, which is very wide and beautiful. Also, on the other side of the town is Wheaton Hill, which is unusual because it is very steep. The third amazing feature is the Big Old Tree. This tree stands two hundred feet tall and is probably about six hundred years old. These three landmarks are truly amazing and make my hometown a famous place.
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39. Concluding sentence
My hometown is famous for several amazing natural features.  First, it is noted for the Wheaton River, which is very wide and beautiful. Also, on the other side of the town is Wheaton Hill, which is unusual because it is very steep. The third amazing feature is the Big Old Tree. This tree stands two hundred feet tall and is probably about six hundred years old. These three landmarks are truly amazing and make my hometown a famous place.
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Marine Milad

40. Read the paragraph below and outline it in the following graphic organizer
There are many reasons that I love to teach. First of all, I love to teach because I love being at school. Another reason I love teaching is that the days go by quickly. A third reason I love to teach is because I love seeing a student understand something new. Finally, I love to teach because I love to be around kids. These are just a few reasons I love to teach.
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42. Graphic organizers
Graphic organizers can be use to outline a given paragraph or to plan writing a paragraph on your own.
There different types of graphic organizers:
Concept maps
Mind maps
Flow charts
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43. Means of transportation
There are a range of different types of transport available to us; the type we choose to use will depend on the purpose for travelling, length of the journey and anyone you may be travelling with. Increasingly cost is becoming a deciding factor in the types of transport we use, especially due to the increase in fuel costs we all wish to avoid.
Draw a mind of different means of transportation.
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44. Mind map to organize transportation
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45. Home assignment What is your favourite means of transportation? Why?
Write an extending paragraph on different means of transportation using the previous mind map.
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46. Thank You