1. ACID – is a H+ (hydroden ion or proton) donor.
What is an Acid?
There are many different definitions of an acid. We will be working with the simplest definition.
ACID – is a H+ (hydroden ion or proton) donor.
This means that our acids will begin with the element “H”

2. Molecule with one or more H+ ions attached to an anion.
Acids
Acids can be recognized by the hydrogen that appears first in the formula—HCl.
Molecule with one or more H+ ions attached to an anion.

3. Naming Acids
All acids are named by FIRST identifying the ANION present
Ignore the NUMBER of “H” atoms in the formula – concentrate on identifying the anion.

4. There are only three rules to remember Anion Name Acid Name
Naming Acids
There are only three rules to remember
Anion Name Acid Name
- ide Hydro ic Acid
-ate ic Acid
-ite ous Acid

5. HCl Cl- Chloride Hydrochloric Acid
Try a Few
Acid Anion Acid Name
HCl Cl- Chloride Hydrochloric Acid
H3PO4 PO43- Phosphate Phosphoric Acid
H2SO3 SO32- Sulfite Sulfurous Acid

6. Acids - review
If the anion does not contain oxygen, the acid is named with the prefix hydro– and the suffix –ic.
Examples:
HCl Hydrochloric acid
HCN Hydrocyanic acid
H2S Hydrosulfuric acid

7. Acids That Do Not Contain Oxygen

8. • If a form other than the “–ate” form is needed
AN ASIDE: Naming Oxyanions other than that with -ate
• If a form other than the “–ate” form is needed
When the central atom can have two different numbers of oxygen atoms bonded to it:
The suffix “–ite” is used in the name of the oxyanion with 1 less oxygen atom than the -ate.
The prefix “per–” along with the suffix “–ate” is used in the name of the oxyanion with the one more oxygen atom than the “-ate”
The prefix “hypo–” along with the suffix “–ite” is used in the name of the oxyanion with the 2 less oxygen atoms than the “-ate”

9. Oxyanion Examples

10. Rules for Naming Acids – if the anion contains oxygen
The suffix –ic is added to the root name if the anion name ends in –ate.
Examples:
HNO3 Nitric acid
H2SO4 Sulfuric acid
HC2H3O2 Acetic acid
The suffix –ous is added to the root name if the anion name ends in –ite.
HNO2 Nitrous acid
H2SO3 Sulfurous acid
HClO2 Chlorous acid

11. The rules don’t change just because the anion has a prefix
Naming Acids
The rules don’t change just because the anion has a prefix
Anion Name Acid Name
perchlorate perchloric acid
hyponitrite hyponitrous acid

12. Naming Acids- Examples
Acid Anion Acid Name
HClO ClO- HypoChlorite Hypochlorous Acid
H3PO5 PO53- PerPhosphate Perphosphoric Acid
The –ate and –ite ending of the anion still dictate how the acid will be named

13. Flowchart for Naming Acids

14. Write the anion (including its charge)
Writing Acids
This process is just the opposite of naming.
Identify the anion
Write the anion (including its charge)
The charge on the anion tell you how many “H+” atoms to add
Remove all charges

15. Name Anion Acid Formula
Writing Acids
Name Anion Acid Formula
Hydrobromic acid Br- HBr
Sulfuric acid SO42- H2SO4
Periodic acid IO4- HIO4
Phosphorous acid PO33- H3PO3

16. Flowchart for Naming Acids