1. Are we prepared for when today is not like yesterday?...
If an active shooter came into this room right now, how many of you are confident that you could get out alive? Our goal today is to have every hand raised at the end of this presentation. ALICE is a set of proactive strategies that increase your chances of survival in the event of a violent intruder. There will be no blood or graphic material today. There will be lots of statistics and most of them come from a 2013 FBI Active Shooter study. The FBI looked at 160 active shooter events (not all of them) that happened between 2000 and Columbine happened in 1999 and so is therefore not part of this study. Columbine changed the way law enforcement react in these situations though. In just those events studied, 486 lives were lost, 557 individuals were injured. In that 13 year period, 12 events happened every year or about one per month. This is the world we live in now. ALICE is about helping citizens respond with more and different options than just lockdown.
Citizen Response to a
Violent Intruder
Alert Lockdown Inform Counter Evacuate
Are we prepared for when today is not like yesterday?...

2. Why is Citizen Preparation
How long do you think it takes for the first officer to arrive on the scene of an event after the first 911 call? What about in Lamoni?
Why is Citizen Preparation
Necessary?
How long does it take for the first officer to arrive on the scene of an event after the first 911 call (average response time in U.S.)?
How long does it take for the first officer to arrive on the scene in Lamoni or Independence?

3. Why is Citizen Preparation
Active shooter events average 3 – 5 minutes typically. So citizens need to be prepared and ready to act.
67% of active shooter events end BEFORE police arrive on the scene according to a 2013 FBI study of active shooter events from 2000 – 2013.
Why is Citizen Preparation
Necessary?
5-6 Minutes
The average length of an active shooter event is shorter than the police response time. The event will be OVER before police even arrive on the scene.

4. nothing new. Where do we first
1895 last time a student was killed by a tornado in Iowa in a K-12 school. This is why we need to practice active shooter events in addition to fire and tornado. We have to change our mindset and training.
1958 last time a person was killed by a fire in a school in the U.S.
Citizen preparation for danger is
nothing new. Where do we first
learn what to do when…
There is a fire?
There is a tornado?
We all learned this in elementary school!

5. 3 minute video = Quick introduction to ALICE so you don’t have to listen to us talk for so long…
ALICE overview video

6. A.L.I.C.E. Alert Lockdown Inform Counter Evacuate
ALICE is about saving lives and giving you more options than just lockdown. This is not a sequential process. It is fluid and encourages you to think about what is going on around you and be prepared to take the best action for you in your situation.
A.L.I.C.E.
Common Sense, just not Common Knowledge
Alert Lockdown Inform Counter Evacuate
ALICE is NOT a linear, progressive response.

7. Alert Information is the key to good decisions
This is always first. There will always be an alert that something is going on. Graceland uses the GU Alert system. You can sign up in My Graceland. You can respond to GU Alert messages and we encourage that so we have information from those out in the field. Very important.
Faculty watch for Zero Day words. This is almost certain that an active threat is going to happen.
Alert
Information is the key to good decisions
Information should flow in all directions
Provide as much initial intel as possible to as many people as possible
Use any and all available means: Texts, PA, Digital Signage, Web, Twitter, Facebook,, etc.
May be your sensory inputs (shots/screaming)

8. Lockdown Consideration for individuals that can’t evacuate ONLY
L is the next letter in the acronym but NOT the next step! Lockdown is a viable option when individuals can’t evacuate. It was never intended for active shooter events. Think now how you can be prepared in the event you need to lockdown. Lockdown doesn’t mean you won’t have to also possibly counter. If the violent intruder enters, be prepared to take action if you can. Have a plan = know where you will strike from, what you’ll strike with. Be violently aggressive. Difference between cover (protected from incoming objects) and concealment (just hidden from view).
Lockdown
Consideration for individuals that can’t evacuate ONLY
Silence cell phone/turn off lights in room
Cover/concealment – DO NOT HUDDLE!
Locked doors provide a time barrier. Locks can, and have been defeated.
Look for alternate escape routes!
BARRICADE: The idea is to create a stronghold that slows down the intruder (or even makes him give up and move on to an easier target)… BE A HARDER TARGET!
Once Lockdown is in effect no one should be allowed into a secure room under any circumstances. Only open your locked door for uniformed police personnel.

9. Helps you make good decisions while the event is unfolding.
Inform
As real-time information as possible will be provided by all means possible.
Use this information to make single or collective decisions as to the best option for survival.
Be flexible because the situation will be
dynamic and fluid.

10. Very interesting slide about the accuracy of low skill active shooters who have a very high hit rate vs police who have a very high skill level but a very low hit rate. The reason for this big discrepancy is that active shooters are proactive and in control. Law enforcement are reacting. As you will see in a few slides, it takes about 3 – 5 seconds for the brain to process what the eyes are seeing.
Proactive vs. Reactive
Is it possible to interrupt the skill set needed to shoot accurately?

11. OODA LOOP OODA loop - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The phrase OODA loop refers to the decision cycle of observe, orient, decide, and act, developed by military strategist and United States Air Force Colonel John Boyd.

12. Counter You can survive contact with an armed intruder!!
We can reduce the accuracy of these intruders by becoming a hard target – make lots of noise, run around, go at the intruder, throw objects, discharge the fire extinguisher, think outside the box!
Counter
You can survive contact with an armed intruder!!
Counter is about taking control away from the intruder.
Counter is not for everyone.
Engage in acts that will distract the intruder:
Noise
Movement
Distance
Distractions
SWARM

13. Survival Tactics: Skills beyond lockdown that should be considered:
When law enforcement arrives, they don’t know who is good and who is bad. They will yell at everyone to get down, show hands, be quiet. Follow all of their commands for your own safety. Don’t tell them where injured are. They are there to stop the attacker. EMT will be allowed in as soon as the scene is clear and safe for others to enter. Don’t run with your cell phone in your hand – it could appear as a weapon to law enforcement.
SWARM is when you decide with others present to go after the active killer (like in the picture here). You would be surprised how just a few weak people could overtake a strong attacker. Individuals can only fight with all their might for a few seconds before totally exhausting themselves. If you remove/secure the weapon, be sure to never touch it with your hands. That would contaminate the evidence. Use a trash bag from a trash can to pick it up or put it in a trash can or other object.
Survival Tactics:
Skills beyond lockdown that should be considered:
SWARM
Removing and Securing the Weapon
Contact with Law Enforcement

14. Evacuate Only 2% of violent intruder events
Virginia Tech 28 deaths due to passive action (lockdown only). But in one classroom where the faculty member locked the classroom and everyone went out the window only 2 deaths and a few minor injuries were in that classroom. The injuries were sustained by jumping out a second story window. It was still a lifesaver though.
Leave all your belongings behind – get out as quickly as possible. Alert people as you are fleeing but don’t stop for them. If someone refuses to leave, do not stop and hinder yourself. Call 911 when you are safe! Don’t assume someone else already has called.
Do not drive while you are evacuating. Your emotional state is not right to be behind the wheel. Emergency vehicles will be trying to get in to the scene and having lots of vehicles going out will clog things up. Rally points have been established: for individuals on the north side of campus, go to the wrestling (Baughman building – unlocked from 8 am to midnight every day), then Coliseum. Studies show that when there is more than one active aggressor, they stay together. They never separate.
Evacuate
Only 2% of violent intruder events
have more than one aggressor.
If he is inside, you get outside.
Do not use car to evacuate.
Go to rally points – map of Lamoni on next slide

15. Rally Points

16. There is now a movement towards Proactive Response at official levels:
DHS
Recommendations
October 2008
Known as the 3-Outs Program
Get Out- Evacuate
Hide Out- Lockdown
Take Out- Counter

17. US Dept. of Ed REMS Recommendations June 2013
Has to be the end of LOCKDOWN only as the response plan for schools.

18. Lots of stories in the news
Lots of stories in the news. Nashville Tennessee Waffle House incident ended with less blood shed due to the counter measure by James Shaw, Jr, 29. He rushed the gunman, wrestled him to the ground and tossed the weapon. His hands were severely burned by grabbing the assault rifle but many lives were saved. Citizens can take back control and survive! This happened in April 2018.
Citizens are Capable

19. Usual Concerns: There could be more than one shooter.
98% of active killer events have only one perpetrator. We can’t address all possible concerns or scenarios. ALICE is about providing more options to increase the chances of survival! In that FBI active shooter study from 2013, only 15% of active shooter events took place at more than one location. These concerns should not stop us from using our critical thinking skills to decide the best course of action in the moment of crisis. I would be happy to answer questions.
Usual Concerns:
There could be more than one shooter.
They could run into the shooter.
How will we account for those who left?
Who will be liable?
Special Ed is not addressed.
Rally Point could be a secondary attack
location.
Evacuating folks will get in the way of police.
How will police distinguish friendlies from
shooter if they get the gun away?
Counter Strategies are ridiculous
List goes on and on…..

20. ALICE certified instructors: Ondrea Dory, Deb Skinner, Sara Blessing
I have a question for you now – same one I asked at the very beginning. If an active shooter came into this room right now, how many of you are confident you could get out alive?
Questions?
Thank you and stay safe!
Want more information:
ALICE certified instructors:
Ondrea Dory, Deb Skinner, Sara Blessing