1. Topic 1.6 – Cell Division Essential Questions: Why do cells divide?
Is cell division necessary for life?
How do cells control division?
Major Laboratory Exercise:
Determining Mitotic Index From Allium Root Tip Slides.
Cell Division Footage:

4. Prophase
Anaphase
Metaphase

6. Mitosis is the division of the nucleus and chromosomes.
This is done in 4 major phases.
Prophase TEM Image

7. Mitosis is the division of the nucleus and chromosomes.
This is done in 4 major phases.
Metaphase TEM Image

8. Mitosis is the division of the nucleus and chromosomes.
This is done in 4 major phases.
Anaphase TEM Image

9. Mitosis is the division of the nucleus and chromosomes.
This is done in 4 major phases.
Telophase TEM Image

10. Mitosis is the division of the nucleus and chromosomes.
This is done in 4 major phases.
1. Prophase TEM Image
2. Metaphase TEM Image
Can you dictate what is occurring in each of the four stages based on the TEM image?
3. Anaphase TEM Image
4. Telophase TEM Image

15. Explain how mitosis ensures that daughter nuclei are genetically identical.

16. Explain how mitosis ensures that daughter nuclei are genetically identical.

17. Observe on the real onion root-tip, too.
How long do cells spend in each stage of mitosis?
Produce a pie-chart of the stages by using the online pictures:
Observe on the real onion root-tip, too.

18. Uncontrolled Cell Division can result from mutagens/carcinogens changing the DNA in a cell.
Analyze this data to determine if incidences of smoking have any correlation with mortality rate.
How does this relate to uncontrolled cellular division?
Uncontrolled cell division can also result from random mutations caused by environmental stimuli.
Watch this brief video on the causes of damage to DNA to understand two of the major ways this occurs.

20. Tumors are the result of uncontrolled cell division.
Tumors can occur in any tissue, at any time.
Watch this video to observe the process of a primary tumor forming in the intestinal lining of mice.
Cyclins are proteins that control the cell cycle.
Their production at certain times is integral to the progression of the cell cycle.
The production of cyclins is partially regulated by a protein called p53, which constantly checks the DNA for damage.
P53 is only produced if the gene, TP53 is turned on. If it is turned off, the cell can not check its DNA.

21. Tumor Growth is often couple by angiogenesis.
Tumor – A mass of cells resulting from uncontrolled cell division
Angiogenesis – the recruitment of blood vessels from the circulatory system to feed new tissue
How does it work?
Why is this so dangerous?
Click the tumor to find out!

22. Metastasis is the movement of cancer or a disease throughout the body.
Cancer moves through the body either through the circulatory system or the lymphatic system.
Both can result in the formation of new tumors virtually anywhere in the body.
The tumor that results from metastasis is known as a secondary tumor, and is composed of the primary tumor tissue.
What kind of cancer does the patient above have?

23. Cancer! Watch this V-Sauce as to why we don’t all have cancer.
Answer the following questions:
What are some physical examples of cancerous activity?
What causes cancer at a cellular level?
Why don’t we all have cancer?

24. Your task – To use Vine to represent the life of a cell both under normal circumstances and under cancerous circumstances.
You must create two Vines –One for the cells normal life
- One for the cells life under cancerous circumstances
Your Vines must include the following: Tag for Vines - #profbio
Cell Division
Nuclear Division (PMAT)
Daughter Cells
Cytokinesis appropriate to the cell you are visualizing (Animal or Plant)
Tumor Formation (Cancer Only)
For Cancer:
Angiogenesis
Metastasis
You must also use only the space
equivalent to one small whiteboard to
do this Vine. (So think Stop-motion maybe?) +