1. (extended) urban ecology
planning process (ordinary nature a challenge)
residents’ view on urban environment
anthropocentric
biocentric: intrinsic value of biodiversity
’good life’ for residents ??
experts’ view on urban environment
anthropocentric
biocentric: intrinsic value of biodiversity
goal: no biodiversity loss in Helsinki
’good life’ for biodiversity (ordinary nature + protected areas) ??

2. (extended) urban ecology: ’Urban ecology is wise management of the way in which we use and develop our cities and towns. Urban ecology focuses on the current environmental conditions....’ The Danish Centre for Urban Ecology.
theory: ’human ecosystem models’
monitoring: adaptive management
language: communication between scientists and other stakeholders

3. Adaptive management goals & planning stakeholders
action (implementation)
science
monitoring

4. Step 1: What is biological monitoring?
Biological (ecological or biodiversity) monitoring is the repeated inventorying of organisms over time and space to determine environmental quality

5. Step 2: Before monitoring, define
purpose and aim
methods and indicators
analyses
biological interpretation
links to decision making

6. Step 4: Indicators of change
Biological (ecological or biodiversity) monitoring is the repeated inventorying of organisms over time and space to determine environmental quality
which variables to use as indicators?

7. Monitoring, ecological communication and decision making (Norton 1998)
ecologists are reluctant to mix values issues with scientific study ...
ecologists are slow to pick up on signals flowing from policy discourse to ecological science ...
ecologists often fail to study nature at a scale that would provide guidance to decision makers ...

8. Good ecological communication (Norton 1998)
uses adaptive management approach
has perspective and is place-based
is multiscaled (space around the place)
is operationalizable (measurable indic.)
expresses normative content
enhances communication