1. Bell Ringer: October 20
Who are the three men who contributed to the cell theory?

2. The Eukaryotic Cell A cell containing a nucleus
Larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells
Highly specialized
Unicellular or multicellular

3. identifying organelles
Animal Cell
Little Organs that do specialized jobs
identifying organelles

4. Animal Cell

5. Plant Cell

6. Plant Cell

9. lysosomes and centrioles
So, tell me…
Can you identify a plant cell?
Can you identify an animal cell?
What do plant cells have that animal cells do not?
What do animal cells have that plant cells do not?
Cell Photographs for Cell Comparison Lab
cell walls
chloroplasts
lysosomes and centrioles

10. Let’s keep it separated…
Cell biologists or cytologists divide the eukaryotic cell into TWO major parts
and
The Cytoplasm
the nucleus
They go together like….Ramma Lamma Lamma, Dingity….oops!
The portion of the cell outside the nucleus: gel-like material
They work together in the business of LIFE!

11. Beginning with the BRAIN…
that is, of the cell...
The NUCLEUS
Contains nearly all of the cell’s DNA
Meaning…it holds all of the coded instructions for making proteins and other important molecules

12. Around the Nucleus the nuclear envelope Has two membranes
Pores allow materials, such as RNA, to move in and out of nucleus

13. Inside the Nucleus Chromosomes Chromatin Granular material
Is made of DNA bound to protein
Usually spread throughout the nucleus
Condensed chromatin
Thread-like structures
Contain the genetic information that is passed on from one generation to the next

14. Nucleolus
A small, dense region where the assembly of ribosomes begins

15. Ribosomes Small particles of RNA and proteins
Found throughout the cytoplasm
PRODUCE PROTEINS
Cells that are active in protein synthesis are often packed with ribosomes
Follow orders given by the nucleus

16. Endoplasmic Reticulum
The ER
The site where lipid components of the cell membrane, proteins, and other materials are assembled and then exported from the cell

17. Rough ER vs. Smooth ER Ribosomes found on the surface
Ribosomes are NOT found on the surface
Contains enzymes which perform specialized tasks
Detoxification of drugs
Liver cells, which play a key role in detoxifying drugs, often have large amounts of smooth ER
Ribosomes found on the surface
Involved in the synthesis of proteins

18. Golgi Apparatus AKA. Golgi bodies Looks like a stack of pancakes
Similar to a mail room
Function: modify, sort, and package proteins and other materials from the ER for storage inside the cell or secretion outside the cell
AKA. Golgi bodies

19. The clean-up crew Small organelles filled with enzymes
Function: the digestion, or breakdown, of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins so those organic compounds can be used by the rest of the cell
Function: breaking down organelles that have outlived their usefulness
Tay-Sach’s disease===when lysosomes fail to do their job

20. Vacuoles
A sac-like place for storage of water, salts, proteins, carbohydrates
Most often found in plant cells

21. Contractile Vacuole in the Paramecium
Vacuole contracts rhythmically
Pumps excess water out of the cell
An example of HOMEOSTASIS

22. Mighty, Mighty, Mitochondria
aka. the POWERHOUSE!
Organelles that convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use
Nearly all of your Mitochondria com from the cytoplasm of the ovum (egg)
THANK YOUR MOM TODAY!

23. Found in Plant cells
Function: organelles that capture energy from the sun and convert it to chemical energy in a process called: PHOTOSYNTHESIS
CONTAIN THE GREEN PIGMENT: CHLOROPHYLL

24. Cytoskeleton
A network of protein filaments that helps the cell to maintain shape.
Also involved in movement
Cytoskeleton of a cultured epithelial cell. Microtubules are shown in green, actin is shown in red and DNA is in blue. Image by Steve Rogers.
Protein filaments include:
Microtubules and Microfilaments

26. Centrioles A pair of structures formed by tubulin
Located near the nucleus
Help to organize cell division
Found only in ANIMAL CELLS