1. Muscle Tissue
Chapter 10

2. Functions of Muscular Tissue Properties of Muscular Tissue
Producing body movements
Stabilizing body positions
Storing and movement of substances in the body
Producing heat
Properties of Muscular Tissue
Excitability
Contractility
Extensibility
Elasticity

3. Types of Muscle
Skeletal Muscle
Cardiac Muscle
Smooth Muscle

4. Types of Muscle

5. Connective Tissue Components

6. Muscle Attachments
Attachment - connective tissue layers extend to attach to bone (tendon or aponeurosis)
Insertion - attachment to a movable bone
Origin - attachment to stationary bone

7. Anatomy of a Muscle Fiber

8. Anatomy of a Muscle Fiber

9. Myofibril and Sarcomere

10. Sarcomere
Dark(A) & light(I) bands visible with an electron microscope

11. Sarcomere

12. Thick and Thin Filaments

13. Skeletal Muscle Fiber Proteins

14. Sliding Filament Mechanism

15. The Contraction Cycle

16. Excitation - Contraction Coupling

17. Neuromuscular Junction

18. Summary

19. Contraction of a Skeletal Muscle
Motor Unit: A motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates.

20. Contraction of a Skeletal Muscle
Muscle Twitch: Response of a muscle to a single stimulus

21. Contraction of a Skeletal Muscle Graded Muscle Responses
Graded - variation in degree of contraction
1. Frequency of stimulation
Wave summation and Tetanus
2. Strength of the stimulus
Motor Unit Recruitment
More motor units stimulated which
leads to more muscle fibers responding.

22. Wave Summation and Tetanus

23. Muscle Tone
Involuntary contraction of a small number of motor units which leads to partial state of contraction of relaxed muscles
Keeps muscles firm even though relaxed
Essential for maintaining posture

24. Isotonic and Isometric Contractions
Isometric - muscle applies tension but does not move the load
Isotonic - muscle changes length load is moved

25. Muscle Metabolism

26. Muscle Fatigue Inability to contract after prolonged activity
central fatigue is feeling of tiredness and a desire to stop (protective mechanism)
depletion of creatine phosphate
decline of Ca2+ within the sarcoplasm
Factors that contribute to muscle fatigue
insufficient oxygen or glycogen
buildup of lactic acid and ADP
insufficient release of acetylcholine from motor neurons

27. Types of Skeletal Muscle Fibers

28. Types of Smooth Muscle

29. Microscopic Anatomy