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I l l u s t r a t e d CLASSIFICATION

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1 I l l u s t r a t e d CLASSIFICATION
The Story Of Scientific Classification In Pictures

2 I’m Carolus Linnaeus, the narrator of this show.
Hello! I’m Carolus Linnaeus, the narrator of this show.

3 I was born in Sweden in 1709. I’m most famous for inventing the classification system scientists use.

4 But scientists aren’t the only people who classify things.

5 All humans classify things.
We do it from birth.

6 It’s just how human brains work.

7 You’re going to do some classification experiments.
© J. Christensen (Utah Roots) All Rights Reserved.

8 While you do them, pay attention to how your own brain is working.
© J. Christensen (Utah Roots) All Rights Reserved.

9 HOW does your brain classify things?
© J. Christensen (Utah Roots) All Rights Reserved.

10 On the next slide, you’ll see some pictures.
Your task is to decide which one of them is different than the rest. © J. Christensen (Utah Roots) All Rights Reserved.

11 Task #1 Which One is Different?

12 Task #2 Choose one item from the list
Task #2 Choose one item from the list. List everything that could be grouped with it. Pumpkin Potato Carrot Cat Basketball Bat Candy Football Orange Corn Broom Pie When you’ve made your list, give it a title like “Things that are …”

13 What would go in a list titled “Thanksgiving”?
Pumpkin Potato Carrot Cat Basketball Bat Candy Football Orange Corn Broom Pie © J. Christensen (Utah Roots) All Rights Reserved.

14 What if the list was titled “Halloween”? Pumpkin Potato Carrot Cat
Basketball Bat Candy Football Orange Corn Broom Pie © J. Christensen (Utah Roots) All Rights Reserved.

15 Did both the Thanksgiving list and the Halloween list contain “pumpkin”?
Pumpkin Potato Carrot Cat Basketball Bat Candy Football Orange Corn Broom Pie © J. Christensen (Utah Roots) All Rights Reserved.

16 Is there anything on this list that couldn’t be put into a group
with a pumpkin? If not WHY not? Pumpkin Potato Carrot Cat Basketball Bat Candy Football Orange Corn Broom Pie © J. Christensen (Utah Roots) All Rights Reserved.

17 Every time you group things with the pumpkin, you are thinking about different characteristics of the pumpkin. © J. Christensen (Utah Roots) All Rights Reserved.

18 If you group the pumpkin with a basketball, and an orange, what title could you give the group?
© J. Christensen (Utah Roots) All Rights Reserved. Task #3 Name the group.

19 When you group the pumpkin with a potato and a carrot, what title could you give the group?
© J. Christensen (Utah Roots) All Rights Reserved. Task #4 Name the group.

20 When you group the pumpkin with different things, you notice different things about the pumpkin. That’s your brain “reclassifying” the pumpkin. © J. Christensen (Utah Roots) All Rights Reserved.

21 Classifying things is an important thinking process
Classifying things is an important thinking process. It is so much a part of being human that we don’t always know we’re doing it. © J. Christensen (Utah Roots) All Rights Reserved.

22 Classifying things helps us function (in places like supermarkets).
Sometimes, it helps us stay alive. Humans have been classifying things for thousands of years. In order for the groupings to be helpful we must be careful how we choose to classify things © J. Christensen (Utah Roots) All Rights Reserved.

23 In the 1700s, many scientists were trying to create a classification system.
© J. Christensen (Utah Roots) All Rights Reserved.

24 But every scientist had their own system
But every scientist had their own system. No one agreed on which system to use. © J. Christensen (Utah Roots) All Rights Reserved.

25 I knew that we needed a set of groups we could agree on, and a system for putting living things in the correct groups. © J. Christensen (Utah Roots) All Rights Reserved.

26 After a lifetime of work, I invented a way of classifying all living things.
© J. Christensen (Utah Roots) All Rights Reserved.

27 My system is still used today, more than 225 years after I created it.
© J. Christensen (Utah Roots) All Rights Reserved.

28 If you’ve ever talked about the Animal Kingdom, or have heard the word “species”…
© J. Christensen (Utah Roots) All Rights Reserved.

29 then you already know something about the classification system that I invented.
© J. Christensen (Utah Roots) All Rights Reserved.

30

31

32 But what if we find things we don't know and we want to know what they are?
What’s my name !? We use something’s characteristics in a similar way using…

33 Dichotomous Keys A dichotomous key is a tool that allows the user to determine the identity of items in the natural world based on the items characteristics "Dichotomous" means “divided into two parts” Greek origin dichotomous keys always give two distinct choices in each step, often they are opposites Black/white; good/evil; pointed/rounded

34 How to use a dichotomous key?
HA! HA! Dichotomous Keys

35 Here are creatures we don’t know!
How to use a Dichotomous Key? Here are creatures we don’t know! Lets choose one 35

36 How to use a Dichotomous Key?
Choose only one creature at a time. 36

37 Decide which statement is true
How to use a Dichotomous Key? Read steps 1a and 1b Decide which statement is true 1b is true

38 Then follow the directions after that step.
How to use a Dichotomous Key? Then follow the directions after that step. Go to step 5!

39 At choice 5, you make another dichotomous choice
How to use a Dichotomous Key? At choice 5, you make another dichotomous choice 5a is true Go to step 6!

40 C How to use a Dichotomous Key? Keep going until you come to a step
that gives you the creature’s name. 6 a. The creature has one antennae Go to Step 7. C

41 How to use a Dichotomous Key?
Choose a new creature and start at step 1a and 1b again. Continue until you find the creature’s name. C Where do you start Again?

42 Then, find the names of all the creatures
42

43 1. a. wings covered by an exoskeleton – go to step 2
b. wings freely observed – Go to step 3 2. a. body has a round shape ……….ladybug, a red beetle with black spots b. body has an elongated shape ……….grasshopper, a green insect that hops 3. a. wings point out from the side of the body ……….dragonfly, an insect that is cm long and lives in marshes b. wings point to the posterior of the body ……….housefly, a flying insect with red eyes and an annoying buzz

44 Dichotomous keys might look like this…
1- Does it have feathers? - Yes: go to number 2 - No: go to number 3 2- Does it swim? Yes: duck No: chicken 3- Does it have legs? Yes: Lizard No: snake

45

46

47

48 Dichotomous key the dichotomous key can also be expressed in a diagram form

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