1. Croda Science for Schools
Fun with Foam

2. Croda Science for Schools
Who or What is Croda?
Hello my name is ????? and this is ???? Are we’re from a company called Croda and we’re hear today to teach you a little bit about what Croda do and then we’re going to do some experiements.

3. A couple of questions Who has heard of Croda?
Who thinks they know what Croda do?
Any ideas?
So first of all has anyone heard of Croda? (Ask for ideas)

4. Cleaner teeth with Croda’s gentle ingredients for toothpaste
What does Croda do?
Let’s imagine a typical day…
Health Care
Cleaner teeth with Croda’s gentle ingredients for toothpaste
Health Care
Home Care
Clothes that stay looking fresh and bright with ingredients that go into wash powders
Lubricants
Ingredients that are added into engine oils to keep cars running smoothly
Did everyone brush their teeth this morning? Croda has ingredients in toothpaste.
You’ve all got nice clean uniform. When your clothes get washed do they come out the same colour as they go in or a different colour? (The same) Well Croda have an ingredients that goes into washing powder so that clothes come out the same colour - because you don’t want the colours to be all faded, do you?
Who came to school in a car or on a bus? Croda have ingredients that go into car oil to help it run more smoothly and efficiently.

5. What does Croda do? Health Care Let’s imagine a typical day… Sun Care
Sun cream contains special ingredients that protect your skin from the sun’s harmful rays
Personal Care
Ingredients in bubble bath & shower gel that make lots of foamy bubbles!
Health Care
Then if it’s a sunny day do you all wear sun cream? Well Croda have ingredients that go into sun creams.
After a long day you might go home and take a nice long bath. Croda have ingredients that go into bubble bath and shower gel that helps to make lots of bubbles.

6. Croda Science for Schools
What is a scientist?
So what does a scientist look like? Do I look like a scientist? Get over the fact that there are lots of different roles at Croda and that even sales reps have studied Science.

7. INSERT AMBASSADOR INFORMATION
Who am I?
INSERT AMBASSADOR INFORMATION
Amanda’s Job
INSERT AMBASSADOR SPECIFIC INFORMATION

8. INSERT AMBASSADOR INFORMATION
Who am I?
INSERT AMBASSADOR INFORMATION
Sarah’s Job

9. Risk Assessment

10. Safety signs Risk Assessment What does this safety sign tell you?
Trip hazard. What are the trip hazards in a school laboratory? How could they be minimised? Bags and coats on the floor or other things like that would be the most likely. That is why they should be tidied away. Other things like stools out of the way and moving around safely can also be mentioned.

11. Safety signs Risk Assessment What does this sign tell you?
Splashes into the eyes are a serious hazard. Eye protection should be worn. Schools will have different practices on this but tell students what the requirement would be in an industrial setting. Often students will think there is no need to wear safety glasses if they are not doing anything themselves. However, others in the class could still be performing practical work. What should the students be thinking about in that situation?

12. Safety signs Risk Assessment What does this sign tell you?
Corrosive on the skin. Don’t spill things onto your skin, wash off immediately. Could suggest things like wearing gloves if needed although materials used in these activities are not corrosive

13. What could possibly go wrong?
Risk Assessment
What are the possible hazards shown by this image. Risk assessment is about assessing the hazards and minimising the dangers. Ultimately it is about deciding whether to do an activity or not.
Briefly a risk assessment is spotting and assessing the severity of the dangers (hazards). Then seeing if precautions can be taken to minimise the dangers to an acceptable level.
Link in the idea of the chance of something happening as well as the severity of the hazard.
Finally the idea that an assessment is made to see if the risk is low enough and that the benefit outweighs the risk.

14. What could possibly go wrong?
Protective glasses on head
Chemicals stacked up high
Hair not tied up
Sample and equipment hanging over bench
Corrosive sample being used without gloves
Risk Assessment
Lab coat not done up
What are the possible hazards shown by this image. Risk assessment is about assessing the hazards and minimising the dangers. Ultimately it is about deciding whether to do an activity or not.
Briefly a risk assessment is spotting and assessing the severity of the dangers (hazards). Then seeing if precautions can be taken to minimise the dangers to an acceptable level.
Link in the idea of the chance of something happening as well as the severity of the hazard.
Finally the idea that an assessment is made to see if the risk is low enough and that the benefit outweighs the risk.
Over flowing bin
Puddle of liquid on the floor
Trolley and box clutter

15. Your task Risk Assessment
Use the risk assessment grid to think about the possible dangers when making and testing a shampoo formulation.
Complete the table and suggest the precautions you can take to minimise the dangers
Decide if you can work safely
Risk Assessment
Corrosive on the skin. Don’t spill things onto your skin, wash off immediately. Could suggest things like wearing gloves if needed although materials used in these activities are not corrosive

16. Discussion Risk Assessment
Are there any dangerous materials or processes?
What precautions would you take to reduce the risks present?
What should be done if something goes wrong?
What is the overall assessment? Is it safe to continue?
Risk Assessment
Corrosive on the skin. Don’t spill things onto your skin, wash off immediately. Could suggest things like wearing gloves if needed although materials used in these activities are not corrosive

17. Making & Testing a Shampoo

18. Ingredients and Amounts
Formulations
Ingredients and Amounts

19. Formulations Formulations
A formulation is a list of ingredients and their quantities - similar to a recipe for a cake!
Formulations

20. Formulations Consistency Accuracy Formulations
At Croda we have formulations for lots of different products:
Shampoo
Conditioner
Moisturiser
Hair Gel
Sun Cream
Formulations

21. Product Development & Testing
Making and Testing a Shampoo

22. Making & Testing a Shampoo
NPD – New Product Development
Starts off on a small scale
Different batches are made to specific formulations
Making A Shampoo

23. Making & Testing a Shampoo
Why is it important to start on a small scale in a laboratory?
Allows for changes to be made easily – to meet the demands of our customers
Different batches can be made to test that each time it’s made it is exactly the same (repeatability)
Alert us to any problems we might face when scaling it up to a large size i.e. too thick!
Cost effective – you don’t want to waste products by making mistakes at large scales
Making A Shampoo

24. Email Request Making a Shampoo From: Sarah Smith-Shilling
To: Croda Team
Making a Shampoo

25. Making & Testing a Shampoo
They have started testing this in the lab in a small batch and would like Croda to look at it for them before they scale up to a large batch.
Each batch needs to have the same formulation, so accurate measuring and mixing is important.
Work in pairs and follow the instructions on the product specification sheet.
Making a Shampoo

26. Discussion Perfume Colour Thickness Shelf-life Discussion
How accurate do you think the method is?
Is it repeatable?
How could it be improved?
What other things do you think could be added to the formulation to make it more appealing to customers?
Would they like to use the shampoo as it is?
Discussion
Perfume
Colour
Thickness
Shelf-life

27. Scale up for Production
Why do you think calculating the volume of foam produced would be more accurate than stating the height of the foam?
Volume = πr2 x height of foam
Extension

28. Scale up for Plant Production
On plant production the quantities are increased
Convert your small weights to larger production batch sizes
Extension

29. Standardised Operating Procedure

30. Standardising Operating Procedure
For each formulation within Croda we need a Standard Operating Procedure ‘SOP’ to create consistency
A SOP is like a recipe that you follow so you should always end up with the same product and result every time
This enables anyone to pick up the procedure and make the product to a specific standard
Standard Operating Procedure
Holidays
Sickness
New Staff
Locations

31. Standardising Operating Procedure
An SOP can be applied to just about anything – all different jobs involve lots of SOPs
Can you think of some that the following jobs within Croda might need?
What do you do day-to-day that you could write an SOP for?
Operator
Accountant
Standard Operating Procedure
Scientist
Customer Services
Operator
Safety clothing – what to wear, when to wear it
How to use different pieces of equipment
Equipment cleaning
Evacuation procedure
On-site protocols / staffing levels / clocking in and out
Accountant / Finance
Auditing
Forecasting
Setting new customer accounts up
Reporting on financials
Pensions
Scientist
Experiments – how to do each one, how much of each ingredient, etc.
Safety clothing
Customer Services
Complaints procedure
Inputting orders into a system
Customer communications – s/telephone
Day-to-Day
Brushing your teeth, flossing
Walking to school, getting the bus
Get in a car – parents driving it
Doing your hair – washing / brushing / drying / styling?
Walking the dog / feeding the dog
Doing the washing up / emptying the dishwasher

32. Standard Operating Procedure
Writing an SOP
Look at the method you followed for activity 2 and think about what you could do differently to ensure the method is repeatable
Think about:
What you have measured?
What you have kept the same for each test?
How much time your test took?
How will you presented your results?
Is the equipment inexpensive and easily available?
Is it easy to follow and to repeat?
Standard Operating Procedure

33. Ideas you could have put
Sourcing the chemical from the same supplier so they all have the same specification
Stating whether you measure just the foam or the total volume
Using the same person to shake the cylinders
Keeping the same force when shaking
Time the cylinder was shook for
Use the same scales for consistency
Use the same equipment
Presentation format – table / graph – different ways of presenting data can tell different stories
Could a machine be used to shake the cylinder? How much would this cost?
Time is money – so the shorter the procedure, the less it costs
Standard Operating Procedure

34. Standard Operating Procedure
An SOP needs to be:
Consistent
Accurate
Standard Operating Procedure
Reliable

35. Changing the Formulation

36. Changing the Formulation
Request
From: Sarah Smith-Shilling
To: Croda Team
Changing the Formulation

37. Changing the Formulation
Empicol ESB3 is the foaming agent so we need to investigate how changing the amount of Empicol ESB3 in the shampoo formulation affects the foam that is produced
Remember you will need to:
Keep the shampoo formulation to 100 grams. Therefore adjust the amount of water depending on how much you change the Empicol ESB3
To keep it a fair test, only change one variable, document what you have changed and your results
Test the shampoo formulation for foam quantity three times and compare to your previous results by completing the table and plotting a graph
Changing the Formulation
Decide which groups do high end and which do low end. Groups can do both if they have time.

38. Discussion Activity Five
What happened when the amount of Empicol ESB3 was increased?
What happened when the amount of Empicol ESB3 was decreased?
Do you personally think more foam equals a more expensive product?
What would you pay for this product…?
Activity Five

39. Extension - Cost Calculations
Can you think of any examples of high end and low end products?
These are normally more expensive because of the products that go into their formula, two products might have the same ingredients but just different amounts, as some ingredients are more expensive then others.
Extension

40. Extension - Costs Extension
To ensure the product is profitable we need to cost all the elements to know how much to charge the customer
Scrumptious must earn a profit of 25% on top of the cost of the product
Use the table showing the cost of the original formulation to calculate the selling price of your high quality / low quality product
 Formulation
Cost
Measurement
Weight used
Product Cost - (Cost * Weight Used)
Fixed Profit Margin
Selling Price - (Product Cost * 1.25)
Water
£0.004
gram 96
£0.38
Empicol ESB3
£0.310 3
£0.93
Crodateric
£0.180 1
£0.18
Lactic Acid
£0.060
drop
£0.06
Total
100
£1.55
25%
£1.94
Extension

41. THANK YOU!
Any Questions?