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Presented by: Emily Kennedy and Heidi Schultz
March 8th, 2010 Native American Culture Presented by: Emily Kennedy and Heidi Schultz
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Native American (NA) Demographics
Oregon United States 10 federally recognized tribes Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation Warm Springs (Walla Walla) Wasco Paiute 4,000 tribal members 4.3 million Native Americans nation wide 562 federally recognized tribes 150 different Native American languages Cherokee and Navajo Paper says 2 million, IHS says 3.3 million (2000)
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History of the Warm Springs bands
Warm Springs and Wasco lived along the Columbia and harvested salmon Paiute lived in Southeastern OR and hunted wild game All three spoke a different language
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History of the Warm Springs bands
Mid 1800’s - tribal way of life jeopardized by settlers Indian Reorganization Act – return of self-government to Native American tribes 1937 – Warm Springs, Wasco, and Paiute organize as the Confederated Tribes of the Warms Springs Reservation of Oregon
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NA Health Disparities - History
Existed since explorers/colonists arrived in US ~500 years NA much more susceptible to diseases such as smallpox, tuberculosis, malaria, alcoholism, etc. 1900’s-1960’s – malnutrition is the biggest NA health concern
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NA Health Disparities - Today
33.2% of NA are obese vs 24.8% of non-Hispanic whites 16. 5 % of NA have diabetes vs 6.6% of non-Hispanic whites Death rate from alcoholism is 3 times higher in NA than non-Hispanic whites NA health disparities still exist, although the health environment has changed
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Federal health program for Native Americans/Alaska Natives
Indian Health Service Federal health program for Native Americans/Alaska Natives Mission: to raise the physical, mental, social, and spiritual health of American Indians and Alaska Natives to the highest level
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Native American Cultural Values
Self as part of a greater whole Relationships and extended family Respect for the knowledge, wisdom, and insight of elders Mutualism – belonging and solidarity Spirituality Interconnectedness of all
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Native American Personal Traits
Patience Silence Work ethic Practicality Listening vs. speaking Being vs. becoming
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Native American Health Beliefs
Combine… Religion Herbal medicines Rituals Spirituality Western medicine May include Sweat lodge ceremonies Herbal remedies Spiritual healing Etc.
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Native American Communication Styles
Group learners/communicators Discussions, story telling, group activities Proper introductions important Handshake, name, place of origin, tribe, etc. Direct questions may be inappropriate Silence and listening May close eyes
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Traditional Food Habits
Fishing Hunting Gathering Trading Farming Navajo Sheep Juniper ash
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Contemporary Food Habits
Malnutrition Movement off the reservation for employment Traditional foods replaced by foods from grocery stores, restaurants, and federal programs (SNAP, WIC)
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Contemporary Food Habits
The Native American diet today: High calorie High fat/cholesterol High sodium High in refined sugars Often include processed food, lard, sugary sodas, salty snacks
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Health Education Materials and Projects
Pathways – Social Learning Theory National Museum of the American Indian Smithsonian Education Fritz Scholder, Heart Indian, 2004
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Limitations Many different tribes – each with its own individual history, values, beliefs, language, religion, traditions, and food habits
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Conclusion The Native American culture has a lengthy, diverse and magnificent history.
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National Museum of the American Indian Smithsonian Education
Resources Indian Health Service National Museum of the American Indian Smithsonian Education One Sky Center (OHSU)
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Questions?
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