2. planets of the solar system?
How many of you know
planets of the solar system?

4. Minds-On
Quickly, what words do you think about when think of the word “summer”?
Second, I want you to think about the feelings associated/related to the word “rain”?

5. How do you analyze a character?
To know what character and characterization is.
To understand how to apply the different elements of characterization to the protagonist.
To be able to analyze the characterization of the protagonist and how that develops the theme of the story.
Direct Characterization; Indirect Characterization;
Protagonist; Antagonist; Theme; Symbol; Conflict

6. Main characters
Protagonist: The main character in the work, and the most important person. Usually trying to achieve a goal. Not necessarily a Hero or the Good Guy.
Antagonist: The character directly opposed to the protagonist (a rival, opponent, or enemy of the protagonist). Usually engaged in preventing the protagonist from achieving his or her goal. Not necessarily a Villain or the Bad Guy.

7. Direct Characterization; Indirect Characterization;
To know what character and characterization is.
To understand how to apply the different elements of characterization to the protagonist.
How we learn about characters:
Dialogue:
What a character says.
What others characters say to, or about a character.
Action:
What a character does – can suggest motivation and can reveal a character’s moral and beliefs.
How a character interacts with others.
Description:
What the author/narrator tells us about a character.
Direct Characterization; Indirect Characterization;
Protagonist; Antagonist; Theme; Symbol; Conflict

8. Conflict
Conflict is the struggle that grows out of the battle between two opposing forces.

10. Authors use a variety of techniques to develop their main characters:
To know what character and characterization is.
To understand how to apply the different elements of characterization to the protagonist.
Authors use a variety of techniques to develop their main characters:
Description (including metaphors!)
Dialogue and thoughts
Actions
Reactions
Before I reveal all the characterization techniques, I will ask the students for their ideas. I think that they will come up with some of these on their own.
Direct Characterization; Indirect Characterization;
Protagonist; Antagonist; Theme; Symbol; Conflict

11. Use one color to underline descriptions
To understand how to apply the different elements of characterization to the protagonist.
To be able to analyze the characterization of the protagonist and how that develops the theme of the story.
In groups:
Skim the story, looking for all the different ways that Bradbury characterizes Margot.
Use one color to underline descriptions
Use a second color to underline dialogue and thoughts
Use a third color to underline Margot’s actions
And, use a fourth color to underline how the other children react to Margot.
I will give students minutes to complete this activity. If colored pens aren’t available they can come up with some kind of code for themselves, such as underline, dotted line, squiggly line, and double underline.
Direct Characterization; Indirect Characterization;
Protagonist; Antagonist; Theme; Symbol; Conflict

12. For Example
“ Margot stood alone. She was a very frail girl who looked as if she had been lost in the rain for years and the rain had washed out the blue from her eyes and the red from her mouth and the yellow from her hair.”
Yellow = Margot’s actions
Green = description
This example will ensure that every student understands the task.

13. Use the chart paper to complete the character profile of Margot.
To understand how to apply the different elements of characterization to the protagonist.
To be able to analyze the characterization of the protagonist and how that develops the theme of the story.
Use the chart paper to complete the character profile of Margot.
Try to find at least 2 direct quotation per category.
Direct Characterization; Indirect Characterization;
Protagonist; Antagonist; Theme; Symbol; Conflict

14. Now write five adjectives to describe Margot that ARE NOT USED in the story!
There will be a place on their worksheet to do this task. This will probably be the final task of day one.

15. How do authors do that?
Authors often develop their characters through INDIRECT CHARACTERIZATION.
This means that they SHOW us who the character is, rather than TELLING us.
Most likely, this slide will be the start of day 2. After a brief review of the adjectives they wrote the day before, we will launch into characterization. There will be a place on their worksheets to write the definition of Indirect Characterization.

16. The opposite of INDIRECT CHARACTERIZATION
is DIRECT CHARACTERIZATION
This is when the author explicitly tells us what the character is like.
There will also be a place to write the definition of Direct Characterization.

17. With A Partner:
Find an example of where Bradbury uses DIRECT CHARACTERIZATION
Here’s a hint: This method is often used to describe a character’s appearance.
I will only allow about three minutes for this activity, since they have already gone through the whole story carefully.

18. Assessment as Learning
Which method of characterization do you think is best?
Which method is most interesting to you as a reader?
Which method is most challenging for you as a writer?
This will be a class discussion. Students can share ideas by raising their hands.

19. How do you analyze a character?
To know what character and characterization is.
To understand how to apply the different elements of characterization to the protagonist.
To be able to analyze the characterization of the protagonist and how that develops the theme of the story.
Direct Characterization; Indirect Characterization;
Protagonist; Antagonist; Theme; Symbol; Conflict

20. Study Questions
1. Why do you think Margot acts the way she does—why doesn’t she play with her classmates, for example? Why does she react so strongly to the shower?
2. Why do you think the other children mistreat Margot? Why do they refuse to believe what she says? Why do you think the boy says, “Nothing’s happening today”? What does this show about why people bully others?
3. What do you think happens after the story ends?
4. What do you think the sun might symbolize in this story? It represents more than just the actual, physical sun. What long-term effect do you think never seeing the sun might have on people? What do you think the story suggests about advanced technology that might allow us to do things like live on Venus?
5. What do you think are the themes and messages of the story? Think about the situation the people in Venus are in, as well as the consequences of it, and consider what happens to Margot in the story as well.

21. Plot
The plot is the pattern of events that occur in a story. Their importance can be described on a Plot Graph, or they can be examined sequentially on a Time Line.

22. Elements of a Plot
1) Introduction: also called the exposition: the opening of a piece of writing - usually gives a brief description of the setting, and sets up the inciting force: the event or force that sets in motion the rising action of the story.
2) Rising Action: the complication of action: establishes the specific conflict(s) between characters; can occur often.
3) Climax: the most emotional moment, the turning-point.
4) Falling Action: when conflict begins to be resolved.
5) Resolution/Conclusion: also called the denouement: the outcome of the story.