1. The Age of Imperialism

2. Objectives Students will…
Explain the transfer of 1858 government of Great Britain on the Indian Subcontinent following the Sepoy Rebellion. (W.20)

3. Warm-Up
Colonize the Universe Read the short story and answer the questions

4. Recall…
What are the four motivations for imperialism?

5. The World in 1700
European countries had begun building huge empires in the Americas, but they had not gained large territories in Africa and Asia
They had established trading ports, but Europeans knew that they could make more money if they had total control of the region

6. Forces Enabling Imperialism
Advantages of the Europeans
Better weapons (Maxim gun)
Railroads and steamships
Cure for malaria, cholera
Internal factors that allowed Europeans to easily take control
Variety of cultures and languages
Low level of technology
Ethnic conflict

7. The Importance of Technology
Steamships and steam-powered gunboats allowed European militaries to attack inland targets from the coast
New weapons (repeating rifles, machine guns, and exploding shells) gave European armies a huge advantage over Asian and African militaries
African and Asian empires were weakening and becoming unstable
When the Europeans began their attack, they faced little resistance from the natives
The use of quinine to treat malaria allowed whites to explore the African inland for the first time

8. The Beginnings of Imperialism
There are 3 forms of imperialism
Colony – a territory governed by a foreign power
Protectorate – a territory with its own government but is controlled by a foreign power
Sphere of influence – a territory in which a country claims exclusive political and economic rights
Extraterritoriality – a policy that allows foreigners who commit crimes to be tried in their own courts, not native ones

9. Colonial Control Indirect Control Direct Control
Local gov’t officials used
Goal: Train local leaders to govern
Direct Control
Foreign officials brought in to rule
Goal: Assimilation

10. Impact of Colonial Rule
Positive
Reduced local warfare
Improved sanitation
Brought hospitals and schools
Negative
Lost land and independence
New diseases introduced
Identity problems and political divisions

11. IS IT OK TO FIGHT BACK?
IS THAT CONSIDERED TERRORISM?

12. The British East India Company
Was created to control trade between Great Britain, India, and East Asia
Was only involved in coastal trading cities until the Indian government began to weaken
Got involved with Indian politics because of trade; ended up ruling most of India in the name of England
Took control by manipulating new local rulers and playing them against each other
Convinced the rulers that they needed the company’s military support to keep stable
The company’s army then swept in and gained authority

13. British Control of India
Created a new education system that taught English
Introduced new laws that banned some Indian traditions
Spread Christianity by sending missionaries around the continent
Some Indians felt the British were trying to destroy their culture
Relationships between British and Indians became strained

14. The Sepoy Mutiny
Sepoys – Indian soldiers who fought in the British army
Sepoys became upset when the army began using a new rifle
The rifle required soldiers to bite off the end of ammo cartridges to load; the ends were covered in cow and pig fat
Sepoys refused to bite the cartridge because it violated a religious rule (no eating beef or pork products)
The Sepoys were punished, which started a large, gruesome rebellion – the East India company put it down brutally
Because of the brutality, the English gov’t took away the company’s power in India and decided to rule the country directly

15. India Becomes a British Colony
This period is called the Raj (“rule”)
British people had most government positions, making the Indians unhappy
The new government began to westernize India
Built railroads, schools, hospitals
Began exporting raw resources back to England
Many of the British officials felt superior to the Indians and treated them as second-class citizens

16. Grab a Whiteboard, marker and eraser

17. Check on Learning What happened in India after the Sepoy Mutiny?
The British East India Company continued to control India.
The East India Company and Jack Sparrow took over.
The British took over and officially colonized India.
India became independent.
Write an ID for the Sepoy Rebellion