1. Present Active Infinitive = 2nd Principal Part of the Verb
Review of Infinitives
Present Active Infinitive = 2nd Principal Part of the Verb
Pres. Pres. Perf. Perf.
Act. Act. Act. Pass.
Indic. Infin. Indic. Participle
1st conjugation voco vocare vocavi vocatus - call
2nd conjugation moneo monere monui monitus - warn
Reg. 3rd conjugation rego regere rexi rectus - rule
“io” 3rd conjugation capio capere cepi captus - take
4th conjugation audio audire audivi auditus - hear
Irreg. Verb “to be” sum esse fui be

2. Present Infinitives (Page 206)
Present Active Infinitive = 2nd Principal Part of the Verb
Active Voice Passive Voice
1st conj. vocare to call vocari to be called
2nd conj. monere to warn moneri to be warned
Reg. 3rd conj. regere to rule regi to be ruled
“io” 3rd conj. capere to take capi to be taken
4th conj. audire to hear audiri to be heard
Irreg. “to be” esse to be

3. The Three Uses of the Infinitive
1. Complementary Infinitive
(English Word Order = Subject Verb Infinitive)
The man desires to work Vir laborare desiderat.
2. Subjective Infinitive
(Infinitive used as a subject or predicate nominative)
It is pleasant to walk Ambulare est gratum. or Est gratum ambulare.
3. Objective Infinitive
(English Word Order = Subject Verb Noun/Pronoun Infinitive)
The farmer taught the slaves to work Agricola servos laborare docuit.
(The accusative noun servos in front of the infinitive is called a subject accusative.)

4. Review of the Imperative Mood = Command (Pages 206 - 207)
Regular Verbs Imperative Mood
2nd person singular = present stem of the verb
voco vocare = voca - (you) call
moneo monere = mone - (you) warn
rego regere = rege - (you) rule
capio capere = cape - (you) take
audio audire = audi - (you) hear
2nd peson plural = present stem of the verb + te
voco vocare = vocate - (you) call
moneo monere = monete - (you) warn
rego regere = regite - (you) rule
capio capere = capite - (you) take
audio audire = audite - (you) hear

5. Irregular Verb Imperative Mood
sum esse - be
2nd person singular = es - (you) be
2nd person plural = este - (you) be

6. Negative Command
English = Don’t + verb Don’t fight.
Don’t = do not = (you) do not wish or (you) be unwilling
Don’t fight = (you) do not wish to fight
(you) be unwilling to fight
to fight = present active infinitive
2nd principal part of the verb pugno pugnare fight
to fight = pugnare
Don’t = 2nd person singular = noli
2nd person plural = nolite

7. Don’t fight = 2nd person singular = noli pugnare
Negative command
Don’t fight = 2nd person singular = noli pugnare
2nd person plural = nolite pugnare
Examples (Verb = stand = sto stare)
Stand, boys and girls. Don’t stand, boys and girls.
(you stand), boys and girls. (you) do not wish to stand, boys and girls.
Verb Noun Conj. Noun Verb Infin. Noun Conj. Noun
2nd Pl. Dir. Add nd. Pl. Pres Dir. Add.
Pres. Vocative Pres. Act Vocative
Act Mas Fem Act Compl. Mas Fem.
Imperative Pl Imperative Pl.
State, pueri et puellae. Nolite stare, pueri et puellae.