1. My Sv1TOMPv2I guide
Basic Afrikaans sentence structure

2. What is Sv1TOMPv2I?
STOMPI is the basic structure of an Afrikaans sentence. How often does the following happen? You write a sentence and your teacher complains that the sentence structure is wrong? Yet you don’t know why??

3. Let’s look at the following two sentences:
Die man het sy kar gister in die motorhuis parkeer. Die man het gister sy kar in die motorhuis parkeer.
Which of the following two sentences makes sense? Both
Which of the following two sentences are regarded correct syntactically? Only the second one

4. But why?
The time is always positioned at the beginning of the sentence right after the first verb, while the place is always placed almost at the end of the sentence right in front of the second
 Sv1TOMPv2I is an English shortcut that helps you to understand and recognise the Afrikaans sentence structure. But let us first investigate what each of the STOMPI letters stand for.

5. What does Sv1TOMPv2I stand for?
Sv1TOMPv2I is used when you work with a sentence in Afrikaans. It helps you to understand the structure better because you break it down into understandable pieces. Let’s look at the following table:

6. Subject S Verb 1 v1 Time T Object O Manner M Place P Verb 2 v2
STOMPI is really starting to look familiar! Thought I do accept that for something to look familiar, does not necessarily make it easy or understandable. Let’s look at STOMPI more closely.
Time T
Object O
Manner M
Place P
Verb 2 v2
Infinitive I

7. How do you identify the different parts of Sv1TOMPv2I in a sentence?
Afrikaans and Mathematics has a lot in common. Formulas are also used in Afrikaans to better understand and remember the rules. It’s no longer a case that you either understand the work or not. The STOMPI-method can help you to get to the right answer or, if you choose, test if you have the right answer.

8. See if you can answer the following questions:
How do I know what the subject is?
How do I identify the verbs?
How do I distinguish between the different adverbs?
What is the difference between the subject and the object?

9. If you knew STOMPI you could have answered the questions quite easily!
Let’s look at the different parts of STOMPI on their own!

10. Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen.
ubject
Usually stands in the beginning of the sentence.
The subject is that what the sentence is all about.
Die subject answers the WHO/WHAT question.
DIE SEUN
Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen.

11. Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen.v
erb 1
It’s the first verb in the sentence.
The first verb is divided into two groups:
Present tense: Main verb of the sentence. There is no second verb.
Past and future tense: the first verb is the helping verb in the two different tenses.
Past: HET, WOU, SOU, KON, MOES.
Future: SAL, WIL, KAN, MOET
HET
Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen.

12. Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen.
ime
Any indication of time.
The time answers the WHEN question.
GISTER
Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen.

13. Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen.
bject
The object is that which it being done.
What VERB’s the SUBJECT?
The answer to this question is the object.
The subject and the object looks the same, this is only because they swop positions in the Active and Passive voice. sy
rugbybal
Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen.

14. Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen.
anner
The MANNER answers the HOW question. How is it being done.
The MANNER is always an adjective (byvoeglike naamwoord).
The describing word can be put into degrees of comparison.
HARD
Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen.

15. Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen.
lace
The Place answers the WHERE question.
The PLACE always has a preposition (voorsetsel), it is the preposition that gives away the place.
Voorsetsels: IN, AAN, AGTER, BY, BO, LANGS, MET, NA, ONDER, OM, OOR, OP, TEEN, UIT, VOOR, ens.
OOR DIE PALE
Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen.

16. Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen.v
erb 2
The second verb of the sentence.
The present tense sentence does not have a second verb.
The second verb is the main verb in the past and future tense sentences.
The past tense verb usually has a “ge” in front of the word.
GESKOP
Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen.

17. Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen.
nfinitive
The infinitive answers the WHY question.
The infinitive is actually the easiest to identify.
Everything from OM…TE… to the end of the sentence is the infinitive. The infinitive gives you the reason for what is said in the beginning of the sentence.
OM TE OEFEN
Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen.

18. Let us look at the following example:
Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen.
And, what does parts of speech have to do with STOMPI?
How many parts of speech can you identify?
O gosh, what is parts of speech again?

19. EVERYTHING! STOMPI can help you to remember your Parts of speech better!!!
Let us see how it is done:

20. When you divide a sentence into Sv1TOMPv2I, we look at groups of words that make up the SUBJECT, PLACE OR OBJECT. BUT Did you know that only certain Parts of speech can fit into the parts of Sv1TOMPv2I?

21. Which Parts of speech fits into the parts of Sv1TOMPv2I??
Preposition
Adverb of Time
Adjective
Infinitive
Om te
Noun
Helping verb
Pronoun
Article
Main Verb

22. S v1 T O M P v2 I Hede: hoofwerkwoord (Main verbs)
Selfstandige naamwoord (noun), voornaamwoord (pronoun), lidwoord (articles) v1
Hede: hoofwerkwoord (Main verbs)
Verlede/Toekoms: hulpwerkwoord (helping verbs) T
Bywoord van tyd (Adverb of time) O
Selfstandige naamwoord (noun), voornaamwoord (pronoun), lidwoord (articles) M
Byvoeglike naamwoord (adjectives) P
Voorsetsel (prepositions) + lidwoord (articles), voornaamwoord (pronoun), selfstandige naamwoord(noun) v2
Hede: GEEN/None
Verlede/Toekoms: hoofwerkwoord (main verb) I
Infinitief (om te), lidwoord, selfstandige naamwoord, voornaamwoord, byvoeglike naamwoord, werkwoord.

23. How do you analyse a sentence by using the Sv1TOMPv2I-method?

24. Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen.
Step 1: Underline the verbs in the sentence. v1
Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen. v2

25. Stap 2: That which stands in front of the VERB 1 is the SUBJECT
Stap 2: That which stands in front of the VERB 1 is the SUBJECT. That which stands after the second verb is the INFINITIVE.
REMEMBER: the infinitive has to have OM and TE. S v1
Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen. v2 I
REMEMBER: the Subject has an article, noun or pronoun.

26. Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen.v1
Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen. v2
Which questions do you ask yourself to identify the parts of STOMPI?
Wanneer VERB die SUBJECT?  TIME
Wat VERB die SUBJECT VERB?  OBJECT
Hoe VERB die SUBJECT VERB?  MANNER
Waar VERB die SUBJECT VERB?  PLACE
Wanneer het die seun? Gister
Wat het die seun geskop? Sy rugbybal
Hoe het die seun geskop? Hard
Waar het die seun geskop? Oor die pale

27. Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen.
Step 3: Now begin at the beginning of the sentence, which part of STOMPI is present in the sentence. REMEMBER: A sentence does not have to have all the STOMPI parts. v1 T M S O
Die seun het gister sy rugbybal hard oor die pale geskop om te oefen. v2 P I

28. Here is the three steps again:
Step 1: Underline the verbs in the sentence.
Stap 2: Stap 2: That which stands infront of the VERB 1 is the SUBJECT. That which stands after the second verb is the INFINITIVE.
Step 3: Now begin at the beginning of the sentence, which part of STOMPI is present in the sentence. REMEMBER: A sentence does not have to have all the STOMPI parts.

29. Now it is your turn to divide and conquer!!

30. Remember and use the three steps!
Die leerders het die werk vinnig vir die eksamen geleer om goed te presteer.
Die meisie sal later haar gesig mooi in die badkamer grimeer om pragtig te lyk.
Ons drink saans koffie in die kombuis.
Eugene het sy werk goed gedoen om betaal te word.
Die vis sal vinnig in die vuil dam swem.

31. Memorandum S v1 O M
Die leerders het die werk vinnig vir die eksamen geleer om goed te presteer. P I v2

32. Memorandum T S v1 O M
2. Die meisie sal later haar gesig mooi in die badkamer grimeer om pragtig te lyk. P v2 I

33. Memorandum S v1 T O P
Ons drink saans koffie in die kombuis.

34. Memorandum S v1 O M v2
Eugene het sy werk goed gedoen om betaal te word. I

35. Memorandum S v1 M P v2
Die vis sal vinnig in die vuil dam swem.

36. With the next lesson we will look at a way to use STOMPI to start with different parts of a sentence. ***

37. Woordorde You can start any sentence with most parts of STOMPI
Woordorde You can start any sentence with most parts of STOMPI. Just remember WHATEVER YOU START WITH THE VERB ONE FOLLOWS!!!! If the sentence start with: Subject = S v1TOMPv2I Verb 1 = v1 STOMPv2I? Time = T v1 SOMPv2I Object = O v1 (T+M) deur SPv2I (active and passive) Manner = M v1 STOPv2I Place = P v1 STOMv2I Verb 2=YOU CAN NEVER START A SENTENCE WITH V2. Infinitive = I v1 STOMPv2