1. The Digestive System Part 1 Anatomy of…
Chapter 14
Photo Credit: science.nationalgeographic.com

2. The Big Picture Our digestive system Takes in food
Breaks it down with mechanical and physical processes into nutrients
It then absorbs these nutrients into the blood stream
Then rids the body of the unused remains

3. The Alimentary Canal
The alimentary canal is the “tube” that our food and ultimately our food waste travel through.
These notes, part 1, look at the organs that form the canal.
Part 2 looks at the organs that help in the process of digestion; the accessory organs.
In the above figure, all the labeled parts but the liver form the alimentary canal

4. Organs of the Alimentary Canal
When you put something in your mouth, and if it later pops out your anus, it traveled through your body but it was never inside your body
Here’s the list of organs that “something” would come in contact with
Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Anus
Putting food in your body is like putting your finger through a donut; it passes through the donut but never enters the donut!

5. Mouth The mouth is also called the oral cavity
The players here are the lips, cheeks, hard palate (anterior roof of mouth), soft palate (posterior roof of mouth), uvula (dangles from the soft palate), tongue, and teeth

6. Uvula
The uvula seems to function in aiding speech, swallowing, prevent food from entering nasal cavity, and in the “gag” reflex

7. Pharynx As food is leaving the mouth it passes into the pharynx
The pharynx is the common area that both food and air pass through

8. Esophagus A 10” long tube from mouth to stomach
Below is a an endoscope view looking into this tube

9. Stomach
A sac with two valves at both ends. The cardioesophageal sphincter at the top and the pyloric spincter valve at the bottom
It can hold up to 4 L or a gallon of food and is used in both digestion and temporary storage

10. Small Intestine
It’s big; the major player in digestion, and the longest part at up to 13’ long in a live person.
Has three major parts
Duodenum
Jejunum
ileum

11. The small intestine is lined with intestinal villi - increase surface area to absorb nutrients, connect to vessels

12. Large Intestine
Short (5’) but bigger diameter than the small intestines
It absorbs water and dries out the waste
It’s divided into parts:
Ascending colon
Transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
The sigmoid colon leads to your anus and the end of the tube…

13. How to Make Fake Poop...
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