1. MODALS OF THE PAST
Created in 2015 by Cindy Leibel

2. MODALS OF THE PAST
To make a modal (and many other words) past, we add a special word.
We add the word:
HAVE

3. MODALS OF THE PAST
BE CAREFUL: Some modals change when we use them in the past!
Students must be on time. = It is very important to be on time.
Students must have been on time. = They were probably on time.
(DIFFERENT MEANING!)

4. FORM I could go tomorrow. Modal + have + past participle
I could have gone yesterday.
He should leave now.
He should have left yesterday.
He might be angry.
He might have gotten angry.
Modal + have + past participle

5. PAST REGRETS

6. REGRET
A regret is something in your past you are sad about. You wish you could change things.
Sometimes, we need to discuss things we did incorrectly in the past.
I failed my test. I wish I didn’t fail it.
I hurt his feelings. I wish I didn’t.

7. SHOULD HAVE + past participle
REGRET
We use:
SHOULD HAVE + past participle ^
N’T
to discuss regrets.

8. REGRET
I failed my test. I wish I didn’t fail it. I should have studied. I shouldn’t have been lazy.
I hurt his feelings. I wish I didn’t. I should’ve been more polite.

9. USE Some more examples: It’s raining! I should’ve brought my umbrella!
He should have apologized for what he said. He is very rude.
She shouldn’t have hit him. He should call the police.

10. PRACTICE
With your partner, make sentences about each person in the next pictures.
What is their problem?
What should they have done differently?

11. PRACTICE

12. PRACTICE

13. PRACTICE

14. PRACTICE
Canada’s Past Leader
Justin Bieber