1. choosing regeneration chain by using big data
Nordgen forest conference
tuusula, finland
Harri Lindeman, Esko Häyrynen, Sampo Kulju,
Timo Saksa, Jori Uusitalo, Hannu Pirinen

2. Metsä Group | Sales EUR 5.0 billion | Personnel 9,100
Key figures 2017
Metsä Group | Sales EUR 5.0 billion | Personnel 9,100
Metsäliitto cooperative | Group’s parent company | Owned by 104,000 Finnish forest owners
Metsä Forest
Metsä Fibre
Metsä Wood
Metsä Board
Metsä Tissue
Wood Supply and Forest Services
Sales: EUR 1.6 billion
Personnel: 850
Pulp and Sawn Timber
Sales: EUR 1.9 billion
Personnel: 1,200
Wood Products
Sales: EUR 0.5 billion
Personnel: 1,400
Paperboard
Sales: EUR 1.8 billion
Personnel: 2,350
Tissue and Cooking Papers
Sales: EUR 1.0 billion
Personnel: 2,800
Renewable Energy 24 TWh
Metsäliitto Cooperative is the parent company of Metsä Group, consisting of Metsä Forest and Metsä Wood, and three associated companies Metsä Tissue, Metsä Board and Metsä Fibre.
Metsä Forest is responsible for supplying wood to Metsä Group companies and providing the owner-members of the Metsäliitto Cooperative with forest management services
Metsä Fibre focuses on the pulp and sawn timber business
Metsä Wood focuses on the wood products business
Metsä Board focuses on the paperboard business
Metsä Tissue focuses on the tissue and cooking paper business
Metsäliitto Cooperative is Metsä Group's parent company.
Metsäliitto Cooperative has approximately 104,000 members, who own nearly half of the private forest area in Finland.
Metsä Group's ownership base and business structure differentiate it positively from its competition and provide a long-term perspective to its operations.
Through Metsäliitto Cooperative's owner-members, Metsä Group has access to a considerable reserve of premium-quality raw material, providing it with a stable, long-term foundation for the development of its operations and production units.
2 February 2017
Metsä Group

3. BACKROUND OF THE EFFORTE - STUDY
Under Horizon 2020 programme (the biggest EU Research and Innovation programme)
 Part of Bio-Based Industries Joint Undertaking (BBI JU)
EFFORTE
Partners from Finland, France, Scotland, Sweden and Switzerland
Coordinator Jori Uusitalo (Natural Resources Institute Finland)
Started in autumn 2016, ends in summer 2019
In general, cooperation has been rewarding and useful
Problems more or less the same regardless of geography/location
15/11/2018

4. METSÄ GROUP AS A PARTICIPANT
Forest industry company
Wood procurement
 Aiming at cost efficiency in planning and operations with the help of
Digitalization
Big Data
New working methods
Practical perspective
What is the value of compiled information, how useful is it?
Joint projects’ usefulness
15/11/2018

5. AIM OF THE STUDY
To develop decision support tool for regeneration (selection of tree species) utilizing HPR (harvested production) - data of harvester
To optimize productivity of soil
To utilize internal variation of site
Tree species
- Scots pine
- Norway spruce
15/11/2018

6. FIELD TESTS 6 stands Logging Field measurements In Central Finland
Field work 6-12/2017
Area 1,3-24 ha, total 58 ha
Site types VT-OMT
Mainly mineral soils, small parts organic
Regeneration species: Norway spruce or Scots pine
Logging
HPR files saved
Field measurements
Sample plots
Age
Soil type
Stoniness
15/11/2018

7. USING HPR – HARVESTED PRODUCTION
HPR file
StanForD2010 specified
Logging yield with coordinates (GPS, machine at the time of felling)
Combines stemwise and total production (m3) information
Use of HPR data
Stem length of timber
Calculated top added to stem length
15/11/2018

8. CALCULATING H100 (SITE INDEX) AND GROWTH
H100 is a site index, that indicates the dominant height of stand at the biological age of 100 years
Equations for Scots pine and Norway spruce (Gustavsen 1980)
Equations to calculate mean annual volume increment from H100 (Vuokila & Väliaho 1980)
15/11/2018

9. H100 AND GROWTH FOR GRID LEVEL
16 * 16 m grid was placed over test sites
H100 and mean annual volume increment were calculated for each cell
Selection of dominant trees (3/cell)
Stem lengths calculated based on HPR data
H100 for Scots pine and Norway spruce
Mean annual volume increment
Maximum increment of tree species is chosen for cell value
15/11/2018

10. Max. length, m, Spruce, H100, m, Spruce, 3 stem / 256 m2(16*16m),
Site 2
H100, m, Spruce,
3 stem / 256 m2(16*16m),
Site 3
15/11/2018

11. Spruce, mean annual volume increment, m3/a
Max. mean annual
volume increment, m3/a
Pine, mean annual volume
increment, m3/a
15/11/2018

12. MICROSTANDS
Tree species will be determined based on the calculated mean annual volume increment
Microstands will be generated from the cells of same species, paying attention to microstands being of a reasonable size
Optimization of microstands
Maximising growth
Minimazing regeneration costs
15/11/2018

13. EXAMPLES OF CREATING MICROSTANDS
Original data
Mean annual volume increment (growth index) for each grid is calculated as the average value of 9 grids (the one in the middle of square)
Segmented data
Grids are segmented into three smaller segments
Growth
Under 6,5 m3/year
Between 6,5-8,0 m3/year
Over 8,0 m3/year
Cleaned data
Separate groups of grids under nine pieces are joined to bigger microstands around them
15/11/2018

14. ORIGINAL DATA, 1 GRID = 1 + 8 IN AVERAGE
SEGMENTED DATA, GRIDS INTO 3 CATEGORIES
SINGLE GRID GROUPS UNDER 9 PIECES ELIMINATED
15/11/2018

15. ORIGINAL DATA, 1 GRID = 1 + 8 IN AVERAGE
SEGMENTED DATA, GRIDS INTO 3 CATEGORIES
SINGLE GRID GROUPS UNDER 9 PIECES ELIMINATED
15/11/2018

16. FURTHER UTILIZATION Soil preparation Planting Cleaning of young stand
Thinning of young stand
Fertilization
Share of ash–fertilization increasing in the future (on peatlands)
Ditching
Indentifying possible valuable sites (e.g. waterside areas)
15/11/2018