1. The Assassination of Franz Ferdinand

2. How the Assassination of one man led the World to War
The Assassination sets off the system of Alliances
Austrians, supported by Germany, send Serbia a tough ultimatum.
Serbia agrees to all but two terms of the ultimatum.
Russia mobilises her troops to support Serbia
Germany demands that Russia stands her armies down.
Germany declares war on Russia
“Demands must be put to Serbia that would be wholly impossible for them to accept …”

3. The Schlieffen Plan
Germany’s military plan to defeat France and Russia.
“Knock out blow” aimed at France first.

5. The Western Front

8. Somme and Passch-endaele

9. Entire forests were turned into wastelands

10. WWI Technology
Automatic Machine Gun — rapid fire technology made for efficient killing

11. “Artillery was the great leveller
“Artillery was the great leveller. Nobody could stand more than three hours of sustained shelling before they start falling sleepy and numb. You're hammered after three hours and you're there for the picking when he comes over.” Martin Middlebrook - The Kaiser's Battle

12. Gas French artillery after fighting through a gas attack
Poison Gas — mustard gas and chlorine gas were most common; caused choking, blisters, blindness and damage to soft tissue
French artillery after fighting through a gas attack

13. Gas Shells exploding in No-Man’s Land
“It produces a flooding of the lungs - it is an equivalent death to drowning only on dry land. The effects are these - a splitting headache and terrific thirst (to drink water is instant death), a knife edge of pain in the lungs and the coughing up of a greenish froth off the stomach and the lungs, ending finally in insensibility and death. The colour of the skin from white turns a greenish black and yellow, the colour protrudes and the eyes assume a glassy stare. It is a fiendish death to die.” Lance Sergeant Elmer Cotton, 1915.

14. Tanks — first tanks were slow and clumsy, but they were armored and useful for leading charges
British tank. Cpl. Shaw Somme Front, September 1916

15. British Introduced the Tank in 1916
Combined infantry and tank advance

16. German U-boats

17. Hot Air Balloon- used solely for reconnaissance
Airplane- Used mostly for reconnaissance, and dropping bombs. Could fight with other Airplanes
Hot Air Balloon- used solely for reconnaissance

18. Infantry- not as much changed
German Mauser
Both sides issued rifles to their infantry
French Lebel
Grenades

19. Lice
Rats
Water in trenches

20. Trench Foot
Trench Foot was a fungal infection of the feet, caused by cold, wet, and unsanitary trench conditions.

21. The Rest of the World At War

22. The Rest of the Rest of the World at War

23. Russia Leaves the War
Russia’s lack of Industry made them ill-prepared for modern warfare
Russia still preferred bayonet rushes
Russian communications lacked encryption codes; consequently, their transmissions were easily intercepted and read by the Germans
1914 in WWI the Russian army had 6,553,000 men, however, they only had 4,652,000 rifles

24. Bolshevik Revolution
On the Eastern Front, the Russians did not have enough food, fuel, or weapons to fight a war.
Czar Nicholas II refused to give up the fight. Two million (2,000,000) Russian soldiers were killed.
March, 1917 a revolt took place and the Czar was replaced, but Russia stayed in the fight
A second revolt, “The Russian Revolution” took place in November by the Bolsheviks, their Leader Vladimir Lenin took over as dictator.
1918 Lenin signed a peace treaty with Germany officially dropping out of the war, Freeing up thousands of German troops to fight in the Western Front

25. Treaty of Brest Liovsk
1918

26. Total War
The idea of “Total War” is that the nation put absolutely all of their resources into the war effort.
Women, children, elderly, non-military production—all were used to further the war effort.
   
British ten-acre munitions warehouse
Tank Production Line

27. Country
Men mobilised
Killed
Wounded
POW’s + missing
Total casualties
casualties in % of men mobilised
Russia
12 million
1.7mill
4.9mill
2.5mill
9.15mill
76.3
France
8.4 mill
1.3mill
4.2mill
537,000
6.1mill
73.3
GB + Empire
8.9mill
908,000
2mill
191,000
3.1mill
35.8
Italy
5.5mill
650,000
947,000
600,000
2.1mill 39
USA
4.3mill
126,000
234,000
4,500
350,000 8
Japan
800,000
300
900 3
1210
0.2
Romania
750,000
335,000
120,000
80,000
535,000 71
Serbia
700,000
45,000
133,000
153,000
331,000 47
Belgium
267,000
13,800
34,500
93,000 35
Greece
230,000
5000
21,000
1000
27,000 12
Portugal
100,000
7222
13,700
12,000
33,000 33
Total Allies
42million
5 million
13million
4 million
22million
52%

28. Country
Men mobilised
Killed
Wounded
POW’s + missing
Total casualties
casualties in % of men mobilised
Germany
11million
1.7million
4.2million
1.1million
7.1million 65
Austria
7.8million
1.2million
3.6million
2.2million
7 million 90
Turkey
2.8million
325,000
400,000
250,000
975,000 34
Bulgaria
87,000
152,000
27,000
266,000 22
Total
Central Powers
22.8mill
3.3million
8.3million
15 million 67
Grand Total
65 million
8.5mill
21million
7.7mill
37million
57%