1. 1.7 AMINES AND AMIDES

2. AMINES
Amines are derivatives of ammonia molecules that contain a nitrogen atom bonded to one or more alkyl groups on each molecule.
Many amines have strong, unpleasant odours.
ex. putrescine
cadaverine

3. COMMON AMINES

4. NAMING PRIMARY AMINES
Take the “e” off the end of the alkane name and add the suffix “amine.”
ex. CH3NH2 is methanamine
An aromatic compound with
NH2 attached to a benzene ring
is aniline.

5. NAMING SECONDARY AND TERTIARY AMINES
begin with an amine name based on the longest alkyl group
use the locator, N, to indicate the attachment of additional chains to the N atom
ex. N-ethyl-N-propylbutan-1-amine

6. EXAMPLE 1: NAME EACH OF THE FOLLOWING AMINES.b)

7. naming cont’d c) d)

8. EXAMPLE 2:
Draw each of the following amines with ethyl as the attached alkyl groups. Then name each structure.
a) a primary amine

9. EXAMPLE 2 cont’d
b) a secondary amine
c) a tertiary amine

10. PROPERTIES OF AMINES small amines are soluble in water
N-C and N-H bonds are polar
causes more VDW forces and more energy needed to break bonds
higher MP and BP than their corresponding hydrocarbon compounds
primary amines have higher BP’s than secondary bc they can form 2 H bonds.
secondary amines can form 1 H bond and tertiary cannot form any

11. AMIDES
Amides are structurally similar to esters except the two chains are joined by a nitrogen atom next to a carbonyl group instead of an oxygen atom.

12. NAMING AMIDES three parts: the first part from the amine
the second part from the acid
the ending -amide

13. EXAMPLE 3: NAME EACH OF THE FOLLOWING AMIDES.b)

14. EXAMPLE 4: Draw the structure of N-ethylpropanamide

15. PROPERTIES OF AMIDES
small amides are soluble b/c the N-H groups form H bonds with water
the longer the carbon chain, the less soluble the amide

16. PREPARATION OF AMINES 1. alkyl halide + ammonia ---> primary amine
ex.
iodoethane ammonia ---> ethanamine

17. PREPARATION OF AMINES 2. alkyl halide + 1 amine ---> 2 amine ex.
iodoethane ethanamine ---> N-ethylethanamine

18. PREPARATION OF AMINES 3. alkyl halide + 2 amine ---> 3 amine ex.
iodoethane + N-ethylethanamine ---> N,N-diethylethanamine

19. SYNTHESIS OF AMIDES
- involves a condensation reaction of a carboxylic acid and ammonia OR a primary or secondary amine.

21. HOMEWORK:
p. 58 #1, 2
p. 60 #1, 2
p. 62 #1 - 5