1. Chapter 18 Amines and Amides

2. Models of Amines The three-dimensional models
show the shapes of amine molecules
contain one or more alkyl groups bonded to the nitrogen atom

3. Classification of Amines
Amines are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary.
In a primary (1°) amine, one carbon group is bonded to the nitrogen atom.
A secondary (2°) amine has two carbon groups.
A tertiary (3°) amine has three carbon groups.

4. Naming Simple Amines Simple amines
are named with common names as alkylamines
list the names of the alkyl groups bonded to the N atom in alphabetical order in front of amine
Ethylamine
Dimethylamine
Ethyldimethylamine

5. Guide to IUPAC Naming of Amines

6. IUPAC Names of Amines In the IUPAC system,
STEP 1 Name the longest carbon chain bonded to the N atoms as alkanamines by replacing e of the alkane name with amine.
STEP 2 Number the carbon chain to locate the amine group and any substituents.

7. Naming Secondary and Tertiary Amines (continued)
STEP 3 In a secondary or tertiary amine, use the prefix N- to name groups attached to the N atom.

8. Learning Check
Give the common and IUPAC names, and classify each as primary, secondary, or tertiary.
A. CH3—CH2—CH2—NH2 B.

9. Solution A.
STEP 1 Name the longest carbon chain bonded to the N atoms as alkanamines by replacing e of the alkane name with amine.
propanamine
STEP 2 Number the carbon chain to locate the amine group and any substituents.
CH3—CH2—CH2—NH2
Propylamine (common)
1-Propanamine (IUPAC), 1°

10. Solution (continued) B.
STEP 1 Name the longest carbon chain bonded to the N atom as alkanamines by replacing e of the alkane name with amine.
ethanamine
STEP 2 Number the carbon chain to locate the amine group and any substituents.

11. Solution (continued) B.
STEP 3 In a secondary or tertiary amine, use the prefix N- to name groups attached to the N atom.
Ethyldimethylamine (common),
N,N-Dimethylethanamine (IUPAC), 3°

12. Learning Check Draw the condensed structural formula for each of
the following:
A. 2-pentanamine
B. N-methyl-1-butanamine

13. Solution A. 2-pentanamine B. N-methyl-1-butanamine
CH3—CH2—CH2—CH2—NH—CH3

14. Aromatic Amines The amine of benzene is called aniline
may have alkyl groups attached to N that use the prefix N- and the alkyl name
Aniline Chloroaniline N-Methylaniline

15. Learning Check Give the common and IUPAC names for each of
the following: A. B. C.

16. Solution Ethylmethylamine(common); N-methylethanamine A. B.
Butylethylmethylamine (common);
N-ethyl-N-methyl-1-butanamine C.
Aniline