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2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system Essential questions What are the functions of the respiratory system? What are some disorders of the respiratory system? How are disorders of the respiratory system treated? What is the importance of the respiratory system as it relates to immunity? How do you relate the body’s use of nutrients to the respiratory system? 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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Functions of the Respiratory System
Upper Respiratory System Nose Sinuses Pharynx Epiglottis Larynx Lower Respiratory System Trachea Lungs 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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Discuss the Functions of the Upper Respiratory System Structures
Nose Sinuses Pharynx Epiglottis Larynx Trachea 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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Discuss the Functions of the Lower Respiratory System Structures
Trachea Bronchi Bronchial tubes Bronchioles Alveoli Lungs Pleura Mediastinum Diaphragm 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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Functions of the Respiratory System
Discuss the functions of the respiratory system. What is the relevance to your health? 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
Breathing Discuss the process of breathing. External respiration Internal respiration Exhalation Inhalation 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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Breathing Calculate your respirations
1 inspiration + 1 expiration = 1 respiration How many times does a normal adult breath per minute? Calculate your respirations 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
Control of breathing Neural Factors Explain the role of the Medulla Oblongata What does the Phrenic Nerve do? 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
Control of breathing Chemical Factors What are the chemical factors involved in breathing? Compare to NEURAL FACTORS. 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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Respiratory Movements
Compare respiratory movements. Coughing Hiccups Sneezing Yawning Why do they occur? 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
Types of breathing Apnea Dyspnea Eupnea Hyperpnea Orthopnea Tachypnea Hyperventilation 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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Lung capacity and volume
Tidal volume-the amount of air that moves in and out with each breath Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) the amount of air forced in above tidal volume Expiratory reserve volume (ERV) forced exhalation 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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Lung capacity and volume
Vital lung capacity: the total amount of air involved with all 3 Residual volume: cannot be voluntarily expelled. Functional residual capacity: the sum of the reserve plus the residual 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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Lung capacity and volume
Total lung capacity Tidal volume Inspiratory reserve Expiratory reserve Residual air Sample 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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Respiratory disorders
Asthma What is asthma? Who most likely has it? 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
Airway is obstructed due to an inflammatory response Usually an allergen or stress Sx: Wheezing, SOB, tightness in chest, Tx: anti-inflammatory drugs, bronchodilators (inhaled), oxygen 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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Respiratory disorders
Bronchitis What is bronchitis? Acute Chronic 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
Causes:viruses Being exposed to tobacco smoke, air pollution, dusts, vapors, and fumes can also cause acute bronchitis. Tx:rest, fluids,humidifier or steam can also help. inhaled medicine Acute: Inflammation of the mucous membranes and inflammation of the bronchial tubes Sx: cough that often brings up mucus, shortness of breath, wheezing, and chest tightness. 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
Chronic: severe, persistent cough lasting at least 3 mo, large amounts of discolored sputum Most common cause cigarette smoking Tx: symptomatic 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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Respiratory disorders
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder What is COPD and what is the leading cause? 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common lung diseases. It makes it difficult to breathe. There are two main forms of COPD: Chronic bronchitis, which involves a long-term cough with mucus Emphysema, which involves destruction of the lungs over time Most people with COPD have a combination of both conditions. 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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Respiratory disorders
COMMON COLD What is it? What causes it? Hand-washing – best preventative measure How long should you wash your hands? 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
Caused by one of thousands of highly contagious viruses. Sx: runny nose, watery eyes, sneezing, stuffy head, fever, etc Tx: symptomatic Can leave a person susceptible to other respiratory diseases 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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Respiratory disorders
Emphysema What is emphysema? Who is most likely to have it? How is it treated? 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
Emphysema is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) involving damage to the air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs As a result, your body does not get the oxygen it needs. Emphysema makes it hard to catch your breath. You may also have a chronic cough and have trouble breathing during exercise 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
The alveoli lose their elasticity and become overdilated. The alveoli can also rupture Tx: Reduce symptoms as much as possible, stop smoking, minimize need for O2 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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Respiratory disorders
Influenza Discuss the symptoms of influenza. Is a flu shot beneficial? Why or why not? 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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Respiratory disorders
Pneumonia 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
Infection of the lung tissue Alveoli become filled with thick fluid known as exudate Sx: chest pain, cough, fever, dyspnea Tx: depending on the cause may need antibiotics or O2 therapy 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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Respiratory disorders
What can cause a pneumothorax? Pneumothorax 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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Respiratory disorders
Sinusitis: 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
Inflammation of the mucous membranes lining the nasal cavity Sx: pain, nasal discharge, fever, headache Tx: fluids, humdifiers, warm moist cloth to the face 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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Respiratory disorders
What type of standard precautions should be followed? Tuberculosis 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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Relevance of nutrients to the respiratory system
Did you know??? The respiratory system plays a vital role in homeostasis Discuss the relevance to your health. What is the relevance to the body’s use of nutrients? Vitamin D- prevents respiratory disease in newborns Folate- prevents respiratory infections Vitamin E- prevents common colds 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system Essential questions What are the functions of the respiratory system? What are some disorders of the respiratory system? How are disorders of the respiratory system treated? What is the importance of the respiratory system as it relates to immunity? How do you relate the body’s use of nutrients to the respiratory system? 2.06 Understand the functions and disorders of the respiratory system
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