1. Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering
Yingxiao Wang
Beckman 4261 x36727

2. Objective
To introduce the cutting-edge engineering technologies applied in the molecular and cellular biology research, i.e. how can the properties of genes, molecules, and cells be monitored, measured, manipulated, and modeled to advance our understanding of the complex biological system.

3. Introduction Cells Genomes Genomes Control Cellular Functions
Molecules
Reactions between Molecules

4. Cells and Genomes

5. Different Cells Determine the Whole Multi-cellular Organism
movies

6. DNA Units and Assembly

7. DNA Units and Assembly

8. DNA Replication

9. From DNA to Protein

10. Transcription (From DNA to RNA)

11. The Conformation of RNA
Hepatitis Delta Virus

12. The Function of Proteins

13. tRNA
tRNA and rRNA

14. Translation (mRNA->Protein)

15. 3D Structure of Ribosome
tRNAs
Ribosome
mRNA

16. Gene and Regulatory DNA

17. Bilayer of amphipathic Lipids Forming Membrane: Plasma Membrane

18. Plasma Membrane

19. Summary 1
DNA->RNA->Protein
Replication, Transcription, Translation
DNA and RNA, phosphate+sugar+base
DNA, Double Helix, AGTC
RNA, tRNA, mRNA (AGUC), rRNA
RNA and Protein, Various 3D structures
Protein, enzyme, structure supports
Lipids, cell membrane

20. Gene Alteration (I)

21. Gene Alteration (II)

22. Gene Comparison

23. Procaryotes (without nucleus) and Eucaryotes (with nucleus)
Cell Types
Procaryotes (without nucleus) and Eucaryotes (with nucleus)

24. An Eucaryotic Cell

25. White blood cell engulfing a red blood cell
Phagocytosis
White blood cell engulfing a red blood cell

26. Own tRNA, mRNA, ribosome, own circular DNA
Mitochondrion
Own tRNA, mRNA, ribosome, own circular DNA
Produce ATP

27. Proposed Hypothesis: the Origin of Mitochondria

28. The Origin of Chloroplasts

29. Environment and Cellular Functions and Fate

30. Yeast: the Simplest Eucaryote Cell Model

31. Microarray Study of Yeast Genome upon Stimulation

32. Model Systems and the Ultimate Goal-Human Beings
C-elegan
Drosophila
Mouse

33. Mutational Genesis to Find Gene Functions in Model Systems

34. Summary 2
Gene Alterations: mutation, duplication, segment shuffling, horizontal transfer
Homologous gene comparison
Procaryote and Eucaryote cells (nucleus)
Eucaryote cells as predators
Environment effects on Gene expressions
Model systems: yeast, c elegans, drosophila, mouse
Gene mutagenesis