1. Which layer of the epidermis is only present in thick skin?
a. stratum lucidum
b. stratum germinativum
c. stratum spinosum
d. stratum granulosum
Answer: a

2. Which of the following is NOT a role of epidermal growth factor?
a. promotes the division of cells in the stratum germinativum
b. accelerates the production of new melanin
c. converts a cholesterol-related steroid to cholecalciferol (vitamin D3)
d. stimulates synthetic activity and secretion by epithelial glands
Answer: c

3. Where would a subcutaneous injection be made in the skin?
a. reticular layer of dermis
b. epidermis
c. papillary layer of dermis
d. hypodermis layer
Answer: d

4. What are the functions of sebaceous secretions?
a. inhibits the growth of bacteria
b. sebum lubricates and conditions the surrounding skin
c. lubricates and protects the keratin of the hair shaft
d. all of the above
Answer: d

5. b. apocrine sweat glands c. merocrine sweat glands d. mammary glands
Deodorants are used to mask the effects of secretions from which type of skin gland?
a. ceruminous glands
b. apocrine sweat glands
c. merocrine sweat glands
d. mammary glands
Answer: b

6. a. converted into vitamin D in the body
Carotene is ___________ and stimulates the synthesis of photoreceptor pigments of the eye.
a. converted into vitamin D in the body
b. converted into vitamin A in the body
c. converted into vitamin C in the body
d. converted into vitamin E in the body
Answer: b

7. The ability of the thermoregulatory centers in the brain to regulate body temperature is an example of ________.
a. negative feedback
b. positive feedback
Answer: a

8. a. vitiligo; loss of melanocytes or thyroid disease
Mr. Wilson is exhibiting yellowed skin. Which of the following conditions does he have and what is its cause?
a. vitiligo; loss of melanocytes or thyroid disease
b. Addison’s disease; excess secretion of ACTH
c. pituitary tumor; excess secretion of MSH
d. jaundice; liver disease
Answer: d

9. a. endocrine, cardiovascular, and urinary systems
In which systems other than the integument, does vitamin D3 play a critical role?
a. endocrine, cardiovascular, and urinary systems
b. skeletal, endocrine, digestive, and muscular systems
c. digestive, urinary, lymphatic, and muscular systems
d. None of the above is correct.
Answer: b