1. WHAT YOU SHOULD ALREADY KNOW!
AP CHEMISTRY
WHAT YOU SHOULD ALREADY KNOW!

2. SI SYSTEM Meter – length Liter – volume Kilogram – mass Joule – energy
Pascal – pressure
Kelvin – temperature
Mole – amt of substance

3. SIG FIGS All non-zeros are significant
No significant zeros until you pass a non-zero
Ex: one sig fig
To be significant, zero must follow BOTH a non-zero AND a decimal
Ex: two sig figs (last zero is significant)
- zeros are also significant when between non-zeros
Ex: 101 three sig figs

4. FACTOR LABEL CONVERSIONS
Can be used for any conversion
Ratio is always what you want over what you have
Units must match top to bottom so they cancel
Ex: see board

5. TEMPERATURE CONVERSIONS
FAHRENHEIT TO CELSIUS
(TF – 32) 5/9 = TC
CELSIUS TO FAHRENHEIT
(TC x 9/5) + 32 = TF
CELSIUS TO KELVIN
oC = K
KELVIN TO CELSIUS
K – 273 = oC

6. PARTICLES AND COMPOUNDS
Elements – made up of one type of representative particle = atom
Ionic cmpds – made up of ions, representative particle = formula unit, high mp, electrolytes in aqueous sol’n or molten
Covalent cmpds – no ions, representative particle = molecule, low mp, nonelectrolytes

7. MATTER ELEMENTS CMPDS MIXTURES SEPARATION TECHNIQUES HETEROGENEOUS
HOMOGENEOUS
SOLUTION
SEPARATION TECHNIQUES

8. THE ATOM DALTON THOMSON RUTHERFORD BOHR MILLIKAN SCHRODINGER
QUANTUM MECHANICAL MODEL

9. PERIODIC TABLE METALS NONMETALS METALLOIDS GROUPS PERIODS
ALKALI METALS
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
TRANSITION METALS
HALOGENS
NOBLE GASES
RARE EARTH ELEMENTS

10. COMPOUNDS WRITING FORMULAS NAMING IONIC (METAL + NON) METAL KEEPS NAME
BINARY = 2 ELEMENTS
TERNARY = 3 OR MORE
CRISS CROSS CHARGES
MAY CONTAIN A POLYATOMIC ION
ACIDS START WITH HYDROGEN
NAMING
METAL KEEPS NAME
NONMETAL CHANGES END TO –IDE
POLYATOMIC IONS KEEP NAME

11. COMPOUNDS (PT 2) COVALENT WRITING FORMULAS NAMING 2 OR MORE NONMETALS
NO CHARGES = NO CRISS CROSS
USE PREFIXES TO DETERMINE SUBSCRIPTS
NAMING
NAME FIRST WITH PREFIX UNLESS MONO
NAME SECOND, USING PREFIX, CHANGING END TO -IDE

12. CHEMICAL EQUATIONS WRITING BALANCING PREDICTING PRODUCTS BASED ON TYPE
SYNTHESIS
DECOMPOSITION
SINGLE REPLACEMENT
DOUBLE REPLACEMENT
COMBUSTION