1. End of Imperialism in Africa

2. Why did it end? The people of Africa:
Resented European presence in their land
Resented the inequities of colonialism

3. WWI/ WWII The wars: Proved that Europeans can be beaten
Increased resistance in parts of Africa
Drained European power and will to control colonies

4. 1950’s & 1960’s
Europe leaves many African nations to become independent
By 1970s most African nations were free of the European powers and were independent nations

5. Challenges for the new nations
Who is in charge?
Tribal/ ethnic rivalries
What type of government?
Authoritarian?
Democracy?
Communism?

6. Legacy of Colonialism Social and Cultural Disruption
Europeans encouraged Africans to change their culture

7. Legacy of Colonialism Underdeveloped Human Potential
 Most Africans used as labor
 No African leadership encouraged
 Little wealth in African hands

8. Legacy of Colonialism 3. Weak Infrastructure & Exploited Resources
Europeans built infrastructure:
Roads, hospitals, bridges, etc
Built to increase profit (not to benefit the people)
Much of the continent left with little infrastructure

9. Legacy of Colonialism Destroyed Trade  Before Colonialism:
- most trade was within Africa
- External trade was with the Middle East
 Colonialism destroyed those patterns & contacts
- Therefore, they were still dependent on Europe for trade

10. Legacy of Conquest Colonial Boundaries  1885: Partition of Africa
- 14 European nations meet to divide Africa
- Ethnic groups divided
- rival ethnic groups within same nation
- this encouraged war after independence

11. Legacy of Colonialism Colonial Governments were a poor role model
 Democracy discouraged
 Power through violence
 Corruption