1. The Human Body: Anatomical Regions and Directions

2. Bell Work 3-14-18 Name the three types of muscles?
What type of muscle attaches to bone and allows for movement?
What are the involuntary muscles?
What muscle straightens the ankle joint so you can stand on tiptoes?
What muscle holds and rotates your shoulders and moves your head back and sideways?

3. Standard
10) Investigate the basic principles of kinesiology and relate in an informational paper, brochure, or presentation the connection to disease/disorder prevention. Address at minimum: movements of joints and bones, planes, directional terms, body motions, motions between joint articular surfaces, mechanisms of joints and biomechanical levers.

4. Objectives At the conclusion of this lesson I CAN:
Model the anatomical position
Differentiate between various directional terms and model their position
Identify the body planes

5. Why do we need to learn body directions?

6. Anatomical Position Body erect Feet slightly apart
Palms facing forward
Thumbs point away from body
Figure 1.7a

7. Directional Terms anterior posterior lateral cephalad cephalic
superior
cranial
posterior
anterior
lateral
proximal
inferior
caudal
caudad
medial
distal
Unit III

8. Medial
Toward the midline of the body
Lateral
Away from the midline of the body
Proximal
Toward a reference point (extremity)
Distal
Away from a reference point (extremity)
Inferior
Lower or below
Superior
Upper or above
Cephalad or Cranial
Head
Caudal or Caudad
Tail, tail end
Anterior
Toward the front
Posterior
Toward the back
Dorsal
Ventral

9. Directional Terms
Table 1.1

10. Directional Terms
Table 1.1

12. PARTNERS 1 Lateral to the heart Proximal to the knee
Inferior to the neck
On the anterior side of the body
Distal to the elbow
Posterior side of the hand

13. Partners 2 Inferior to the heart Distal to the knee
On the posterior side of the neck
Medial to the lungs
Superior to the waist
On the anterior side of the arm

14. Body Planes Sagittal – divides the body into right and left parts
Frontal or coronal – divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
Transverse or horizontal (cross section) – divides the body into superior and inferior parts

16. Body Planes and Sections
The body may be sectioned (cut) along a flat surface called a plane.
The three most common planes are:
Sagittal (Median) plane
(cuts body into left & right)
Frontal (coronal) plane
(cuts body into front & back)
Transverse plane (cross section)
(cuts body into superior &
inferior parts)
Sagittal – think twins

17. Body Planes
Figure 1.8

18. Body Planes and Sections
Which plane could be used to separate the hemispheres of the brain? the top and bottom of the kidney? Which plane could be used to separate the anterior and posterior parts of the body?
Use full sentences

19. Body Planes and Sections
Which plane could be used to separate the hemispheres of the brain? sagittal the top and bottom of the kidney? transverse The anterior and posterior parts of the body? frontal
Use full sentences

20. Play Dough
Make three little men