1. UNIT 3 NOTES: Heart Anatomy & Basic Function

2. (1) Cardiac Tissues Outermost = Pericardium & Epicardium
Pericardium is a membrane anchoring heart to diaphragm and sternum
Pericardium secretes lubricant (serous fluid)
Epicardium is outermost muscle tissue
Middle = Myocardium
Contains contractile muscle fibers
Innermost = Endocardium
Lines Cardiac Chambers

5. (2) The Chambers Human heart has 4 chambers
2 Atria (1 on the left, 1 on the right)
Superior Chambers = Primary Receiving Chambers (do not actually pump)
Blood flows into atria
2 Ventricles (1 on the left, 1 on the right)
Inferior Chambers = Pump the Blood
Contraction = blood sent out of heart + circulated
Chambers are separated by septum

7. …To the rest of the body
…To the lungs
Deoxygenated Blood
Oxygenated Blood

8. (3) Pulmonary Circulation
Pulmonary = Deoxygenated Blood
Involves Right Side of Heart
Pathway:
Superior / Inferior Vena Cava
Right Atrium  Tricuspid Valve
Right Ventricle  Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
Left Pulmonary Artery
Lungs

10. (4) Systemic Circulation
Systemic = Oxygenated Blood
Involves Left Side of Heart
Pathway:
Left Pulmonary Vein
Left Atrium  Bicuspid Valve
Left Ventricle  Aortic Semilunar Valve
Aorta
All Other Tissues

13. (5) The Valves Left Side The AV Valves:
AV = atrioventricular = between the atrium and ventricles
Tricuspid Valve
Right Side
Bicuspid / Mitral Valve
Left Side
The Semilunar Valves:
Semilunar = between the ventricles and arteries exiting the heart
Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
Exiting out the pulmonary artery going to the lungs.
Aortic Semilunar Valve
Exiting out the aorta going to working tissues.

15. (6) The Valves & Heart Pumping
When the heart is relaxed…
Blood passively fills atrium
Flows right past tricuspid / bicuspid valves
Semilunar Valves remain shut
When the heart contracts (pumps)…
Tricuspid / Bicuspid valves swing up and shut
Blood ejected out of ventricle
Semilunar Valves open up