1. Spotlight on Obesity
and Weight Management

2. Obesity as a Behavioral Problem
People respond differently to different strategies and different situations
Obesity rates in the U.S. have increased dramatically in the past three decades
Adults
Children

4. Factors in the Development of Obesity
Biological Factors
Fat Cell Development
Hypercellular obesity
Hypertrophic obesity
Hyperplastic obesity

6. Factors in the Development of Obesity
Biological Factors
Sex and Age
Race and Ethnicity

7. Factors in the Development of Obesity
Social and Environmental Factors
Socioeconomic Status
Food insecurity
Level of education
Environment
Where you live
Build environment

8. Factors in the Development of Obesity
Lifestyle and Behavior Factors
How Often Do You Eat Out?
Our Social Networks

9. Factors in the Development of Obesity
Social and environmental Factors
Lack of Physical Activity
Psychological Factors
Emotional Eating
Restrained eaters
Binge eaters

10. Childhood Overweight Let’s Move!
Childhood and Teenage Obesity: “The First Generation That Does Not Outlive Its Parents”

11. Health Risks of Overweight and Obesity
Hypertension
Heart disease and stroke
Diabetes
Cancer
Sleep apnea
Osteoarthritis
Gout
Gallbladder disease

12. Obesity Is a Preventable National Crisis
Acceptable methods for weight loss and management
Dietary interventions, physical activity, behavior and environmental modifications, surgical and pharmacological treatments

13. Weight Management The Perception of Weight Linked to popular culture
Standards have changed with time, with thinness increasingly valued

15. Weight Management What Goals Should I Set?
Focus on living a lifestyle that includes
Eating moderate amounts of healthful foods
Getting plenty of exercise
Thinking positively
Learning to cope with stress

16. Weight Management Adopting a Healthy Weight-Management Lifestyle
Permanent healthy behaviors needed for long-term weight management lifestyle

17. Weight Management Diet and Eating Habits Total Calories
Lose weight by consuming fewer calories than you expend
Crash Diets Don’t Work
Balancing Energy Sources: Fat
Reducing fat can limit total calories

18. Weight Management Diet and Eating Habits
Balancing Energy Sources: Carbohydrates
Provide important nutrients
But watch portion sizes and limit high-fat accompaniments
Balancing Energy Sources: Protein
High-protein diets typically restrict types of foods consumed, which is true source of any weight loss

19. Weight Management Diet and Eating Habits Eating Habits
Don’t skip meals—eat regularly
“Everything in moderation”

20. Weight Management Physical Activity
Vital component of weight management
Discourages overeating by reducing stress
Regular exercise of moderate intensity provides substantial health benefits

21. Weight Management Thinking and Emotions
Negative emotions can undermine healthy lifestyle
Positive self-talk is encouraged

22. Weight Management Thinking and Emotions Stress Management
ABC model of behavior

24. Weight Management Thinking and Emotions
Balancing Acceptance and Change
Self-acceptance necessary
Self-acceptance ≠ complacency

25. Weight Management Weight-Management Approaches
Self-Help Books and Manuals
Meal Replacements
Self-Help Groups
Commercial Programs
Professional Private Counselors
Food and Drug Administration-Approved Weight-Loss Medications

27. Weight Management Weight-Management Approaches
Over-the-Counter Drugs and Dietary Supplements Used for Weight Loss
Surgery

28. Underweight Diverse Causes Altered response to hunger and appetite
Factors in eating disorders
Metabolic and hereditary factors
Psychological and emotional stress
Addiction to alcohol and street drugs
Bizarre diet patterns

29. Underweight Weight-Gain Strategies Have small, frequent meals
Drink fluids at the end of the meal
Try high-calorie weight-gain beverages and foods
Use timers or other cues to prompt eating
Take a balanced vitamin/mineral supplement