1. MUSCLE FIBRE TYPES

2. MUSCLE FIBRE TYPES SLOW TWITCH FAST TWITCH FATIGUE RESISTANT
LOW POWER OUTPUT
FAST TWITCH
EASILY FATIGUED
HIGH POWER OUTPUT
TYPE IIA & IIB

3. FAST TWITCH FIBRES TYPE IIA TYPE IIB
FOG (FAST OXYDATIVE GLYCOLYTIC)
TYPE IIB
FG (FAST GLYCOLYTIC)
MOST FORMS OF HIGH INTENSITY EXERCISE CONVERTS FG TO FOG

4. MUSCLE FIBRE COMPOSITION
MOST MUSCLES HAVE A COMBINATION OF FIBRE TYPES
GASTROCNEMIUS - HIGH FAST
SOLEUS HIGH SLOW
COMPOSITION CHANGES DUE TO TRAINING STIMULUS

5. MUSCLE FIBRE COMPOSITION
HIGH NO. OF TYPE I
GREATER VO2 MAX
GREATER ENDURANCE CAPACITY
HIGH NO. OF TYPE II
GREATER STRENGTH & POWER POTENTIAL
LOWER VO2 MAX

8. Effect of a Warm Up on Skeletal Muscle Tissue
Effect on Speed and Force of Contraction
Speed - Increased
Force - Increased

10. EXAM QUESTION
During the race, the swimmer has to dive off the starting blocks as quickly as possible.
Identify the ‘muscle fibre type’ used to complete this action and justify this action (3 marks)

11. ANSWER Fast twitch fibres/type 2 Type 2b/fast twitch glycolytic/FTG
Fast speed of contraction
High force of contraction/powerful contraction/ strong contraction
NOT characteristics

12. EXAM QUESTION
Describe the characteristics of the main muscle fibre type used by elite sprinters.
(4 marks)

13. ANSWER Fast contracting High force production/more powerful
Low lactate/fatigue tolerance/lactate threshold
Larger/faster motor neurone
High sarcoplasmic reticulum development
More/thicker myosin/larger/bigger diameter
High PC stores/levels of creatine kinase
High glycogen stores
High glycolytic/anaerobic/ATPase enzyme capacity