3. BRAINSTEM/ HINDBRAIN

6. Bainstem (Medulla) critical functions
Ascending and Descending Fiber Tracts
Cranial Nerve Nuclei
All parasympathetic tone HR
Temp BP
Etc

7. Cranial nerve roots

8. Ascending ( and descending fibers)

9. Pons and Cerebellum
The RAS runs from medulla up to midbrain

10. Cerebellum
Direction
Amplitude
Force
Timing
Posture
Motor learning

11. The “Reticular activating system”
Many tiny brain nuclei collectively involved in modulation of arousal

12. The Raphe nucleus: part of the RAS involved in sleep, dreaming…an area likely affected by SSRI’s and some hallucinogens

13. The PONS and the RAS- LC