1. System And Application Software
Chapter Six
Computer Skills
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6

2. Objectives Overview
Define system software and identify the two types of system software
Understand Application software
Define Programming Languages
Understand Database Management Systems
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-System Software

3. Computer Skills: Chapter 6
Software
Software is Computer programs and associated documentation.
Software products may be developed for a particular customer (aka Customized Software) or may be developed for a general market (aka Generic Software).
Computer Skills: Chapter 6

4. Computer Skills: Chapter 6
Software Types
Computer Skills: Chapter 6

5. Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-System Software
System software consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices.
Operating systems
Utility Programs
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-System Software

6. Operating Systems
An operating system (OS) is a set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer hardware resources
Start and shut down a computer
Provide a user interface
Manage programs
Manage memory
Coordinate tasks
Configure devices
Establish an Internet connection
Monitor performance
Provide utilities
Automatically update
Control a network
Administer security
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-System Software

7. Utility Programs
A utility program is a type of system software that allows maintenance-type tasks such as:
Protecting against viruses
Viewing images
Uninstalling programs
Cleaning up disks
Removing spyware and adware
Filtering Internet content
Compressing files
Maintaining a personal computer
Burning optical discs
Searching for files
Playing media files
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-System Software

8. Finding Utility Programs
In Windows Operating System, utility programs can be accessed by navigating: All Programs Accessories  System Tools.
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-System Software

9. Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Application Software
Chapter Six
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Application Software

10. Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Application Software
Application software consists of programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist with personal tasks.
To make business activities more efficient
To assist with graphics and multimedia projects
To support home, personal, and educational tasks
To facilitate communications
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Application Software

11. Business Software
Business Software is application software that assists people while performing business activities.
Word Processing
Spreadsheet
Database
Presentation
Note Taking
Personal Information Manager
Business Software for Phones
Business Software Suites
Project Management
Accounting
Document Management
Enterprise Computing Software
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Application Software

12. Graphics and Multimedia Software
Computer-aided design (CAD) software
Desktop publishing software
Graphics and Multimedia Software is an application software that assists people while work with graphics and multimedia.
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Application Software

13. Home, Personal, and Educational Software
Home, Personal, and Educational Software is application software that designed specifically for use at home or for personal or educational use.
Personal finance software
Legal software
Tax preparation software
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Application Software

14. Communication Software
Communication Software is an application software that assists people to communicate and share information.
Web Browser
Instant Messaging
Chat Room
Text, Picture, Video Messaging
RSS Aggregator
Blogging
Newsgroup/Message Board
FTP
VoIP
Video Conferencing
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Application Software

15. Public-domain software
Application Software
Available in a variety of forms:
Generic product
Customized product
Web application
Open source
Shareware
Freeware
Public-domain software
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Application Software

16. Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Application Software
Generic product is a stand-alone system that is marketed and sold to any customer who wishes to buy it.
Customized product is a software that is commissioned by a specific customer to meet their own needs.
A Web application is a Web site that allows users to access and interact with software from any computer or device that is connected to the Internet. Types of Web applications include e- mail, and game programs.
Open source is software distributed or made public in source code (readable and modifiable), and are often developed as a community rather than by a single organization.
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Application Software

17. Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Application Software
Shareware is software that you can use on a trial basis before paying for it. Unlike freeware, shareware often has limited functionality or may only be used for a limited time before requiring payment and registration.
Freeware is software that is free to use. Unlike commercial software, it does not require any payment or licensing fee.
Public-domain software programs that are offered to the public without copyright restrictions. Public domain software is similar to open source software, in which the source code of a program is made publicly available.
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Application Software

18. Programming Languages
Chapter Six
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Programming Languages

19. Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Programming Languages
Computer Program
A computer program is executable software that runs on a computer.
Examples: Web browsers, word processors, clients, video games, and system utilities.
Created by a programmer using a programming language
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Programming Languages

20. Programming Languages
A programming language is a set of commands, instructions, and other syntax use to create a software program..
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Programming Languages

21. Types of Programming Languages
Two types of languages are:
low-level
high-level.
A low-level language is a programming language that is machine dependent. Example: Machine Language and Assembly Language.
A high-level language, by contrast, each language instruction typically equates to multiple machine instructions. Example: C++, Java, Visual Basic, and Python etc..
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Programming Languages

22. Database Management Systems
Chapter Six
Database Management Systems
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Databases

23. Databases, Data, and Information
group of related files
Payroll,
accounts-receivable,
inventory
Data
Collection of unprocessed items
Text
Numbers
Images
Audio
Video
Information
Processed data
Documents
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Databases

24. Databases, Data, and Information
Database software, often called a database management system (DBMS), allow the:
definition, creation, querying, update, and administration of databases.
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Databases

25. Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Databases
The Data Hierarchy
Data is organized in layers (Fields, Tables, Records, Database)
A Field is a group of character with some meaning, such as your name, ID, Address etc.
A Record is a group of related fields holding all the data about one person or item.
A Table is a group of related records, such as Instructors table.
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Databases

26. File Processing Versus Databases
File system
File System suffers from:
Application Dependency
Duplication of data
Isolation of data
Database approach
Data Sharing
Controlled redundancy
Data Independence
Better Data Integrity
Reduces development time
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Databases

27. Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Databases
File Versus Databases
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Databases

28. Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Databases
Data Model
Every database and DBMS is based on a specific data model.
A data model consists of rules and standards that define how the database organizes data.
Examples of Data Models:
Relational Data Model
Used by most DBMSes
Object-Oriented Model
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Databases

29. Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Databases
Relational Databases
A relational database stores data in tables that consist of rows and columns
Each row has a primary key
Each column has a unique name
A relationship is a link within the data
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Databases

30. Object-Oriented Databases
An object-oriented database (OODB) stores data in objects.
An object is an item that contains data (attributes), as well as the actions (method or operation) that read or process data.
A student object, for example, might contain data about a student such as Student ID, First Name, Last Name, Address, and so on.
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Databases

31. Object-Oriented Databases
Examples of applications appropriate for an object-oriented database include:
Multimedia database
Groupware database
Computer-aided design database
Hypertext database
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Databases

32. Structured Query Language (SQL)
Structured Query Language (SQL) is a query language that allows users to manage, update, and retrieve data.
Most relational database products for servers and mainframes include SQL. Many personal computer databases also include SQL.
Computer Skills 2016: Chapter6-Databases