1. Standard 4 Objective 3 Study Notes
Oceans

2. volcanoes
1. Outgassing by ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­_________ and ice from comets were the two sources of water that created Earth’s _______.
oceans

3. 2. To see the bottom of the ocean for themselves while remaining connected to a research ship, a scientist would use a ___________.
bathysphere

4. 3. The force that causes _____ is gravity.
tides
3. The force that causes _____ is gravity.

5. 4. The ocean zone that receives the most solar energy and is home to the most diverse ocean life forms is the _______ zone.
pelagic

6. 5. Gases dissolve ______ easily in _____ ocean water.
most
5. Gases dissolve ______ easily in _____ ocean water.
cold

7. 6. Raising aquatic plants and animals for human consumption is ___________.
aquaculture

8. 7. _________ is considered the foundation of ___ in the ocean.
Plankton
7. _________ is considered the foundation of ___ in the ocean.
life

9. 8. When ocean water ___________ it leaves a _____ deposit behind.
evaporates
8. When ocean water ___________ it leaves a _____ deposit behind.
salty

10. 9. Waves, ocean ________ and tides are physical __________ of oceans.
currents
9. Waves, ocean ________ and tides are physical __________ of oceans.
properties

11. 10. Cold ocean water _____ and moves through the ocean basins.
sinks
10. Cold ocean water _____ and moves through the ocean basins.

12. 11. Tides are caused by the pull of _______ from the moon and ____.
gravity
sun

13. 12. The main source of energy for the ocean is the ____.
sun

14. 13. Icebergs are made of freshwater because seawater does not ______.
freeze

15. surface
14. The original _______ of Earth 4.6 billion years ago was likely _______ rock.
molten

16. 15. As deep ocean water becomes ______, it also becomes ______.
colder
denser

17. model
16. An accurate ______ of the cause of waves in the ocean would be blowing across the surface of a dish of water.

18. 17. Deep ________ are caused by differences in _______ of ocean water.
currents
17. Deep ________ are caused by differences in _______ of ocean water.
density

19. 18. The factors that determine the size of a wave are wind ______, fetch, and length of _____ the wind blows.
speed
time

20. nutrients
19. Upwelling’s bring ________ up from deeper water for use by organisms.

21. 20. Of all the water on Earth _____ is found in the oceans.
97%
20. Of all the water on Earth _____ is found in the oceans.

22. 21. The biggest ______ are produced by the ________ wind speeds.
waves
21. The biggest ______ are produced by the ________ wind speeds.
greatest

23. 22. Most _______ enters the ocean from the ___________.
oxygen
22. Most _______ enters the ocean from the ___________.
atmosphere

24. 23. The ________ and largest ocean on Earth is the _______.
deepest
23. The ________ and largest ocean on Earth is the _______.
Pacific

25. Organisms
24. __________ living in the inter-tidal zone (area between low and high tides) must be able to _______ out of water.
survive

26. 25. The main cause of Earth’s surface currents is the prevailing ______.
winds

27. 26. Organisms living on the deep seafloor must survive with no _____ and very high ________.
light
pressure

28. 27. Plankton is the foundation of ___ in the ocean because they form the base of the ocean ____ chain.
life
food

29. 28. Early _________ added gasses to create Earth’s first ___________.
volcanoes
atmosphere

30. tides
29. The major cause of _____ is the gravitational pull of the ______ on Earth and its waters.
moon

31. 30. A water particle in a wave moves in one complete ______ during a single wave _______.
circle
period

32. 31. Wind energy makes waves _____.
larger
31. Wind energy makes waves _____.

33. 32. Sea sponges are an example of ________.
benthos

34. 33. The curving of the path of ocean ________ and wind belts is called the _______ Effect.
currents
Coriolis