1. Beam operation status in C-ADS cryomodule at IMP/IHEP
Peng Sha
On behalf of C-ADS team
Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS
8th, July, 2016
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Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences

2. Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Outline
Introduction of C-ADS
Beam commissoning of Injector I
Beam commissoning of Injector II
Challenger and prospect
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3. C-ADS Roadmap
C-ADS accelerator started in IHEP (Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS) and IMP(Institute of Modern Physics, CAS) are responsible for this project.
Y , 1.78 B CNY
“Strategic Priority Research Program”of CAS,
Key technology Development
Y , B CNY
Stage 1: Research Facility (CIADS)
(250MeV, 10mA, 10MWt)
Y2030
Stage 2: Demo Facility (CDADS)
(1~1.5GeV, 10-25mA, 500MWt)
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4. Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Target of 2016
Injector I (IHEP):
IMP
IHEP
35 KeV
2.1 MeV
5 MeV
10 MeV
15~17 MeV
20~25 MeV
HWR010
HWR015
Spoke021
Injector II ; Main LINAC (IHEP and IMP):
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5. Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Outline
Introduction of C-ADS
Status of Injector I at IHEP
Status of Injector II at IMP
Challenger and prospect
TTC Meeting at Saclay
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences

6. General progress of Injector I
Phase 1
ECRIS + LEBT + RFQ + MEBT + TCM,
Achieved:
Beam commissioning in early 2015
Phase 2
ECRIS+LEBT+RFQ+MEBT+CM1,
Beam commissioning in late 2015
Phase 3
ECRIS+LEBT+RFQ+MEBT+CM1+CM2+HEBT,
Beam commissioning now
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7. Vertical test results of Spoke012 cavities for Injector I
21 Spoke012 cavities had been fabricated, which all exceeded the designed target in vertical test. The best result is from 16# Spoke012 cavity: at 2K, Epeak=92.7MV/m, Bpeak=131.8mT.
Vertical test of 16# Spoke012 cavity
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8. Assembly of TCM, CM1 and CM2
For TCM and CM1, couplers were assembled after cavities moved into cryostat. Performance of cavities reduced after running. It’s possible that cavities were polluted.
So for CM2, couplers and cavities were assembled in class 10 room in order to keep clean.
Assembly of coupler, cavity and cryostat for CM1
Assembly of coupler and cavity for CM2
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9. Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
RFQ commissioning (1)
Beam：11mA/3.2MeV，Duty cycle >90%,
Transmission efficiency > 95%
Average beam power>31kW
RF power >300kW
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10. Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
RFQ commissioning (2)
Beam Duty factor
50%
60%
65%
70%
90%
Transmission efficiency
95%
95.6%
RFQ output current
11.1mA
10.9mA
10.6mA
11mA
Continuously operating time
8.5min
60min
4.3min
5min
3min
Pulse width/Rep. Freq.
10ms/50Hz
12ms/50Hz
13ms/50Hz
14ms/50Hz
18ms/50Hz
Power in the cavity
289kW
305kW
314kW
298kW
Experiment Date
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11. Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
ECR+RFQ+TCM
MEBT
The Testing Cryomodule (TCM) consists of:
Two spoke012 cavities
Two solenoids
Two BPMs
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12. ECR+RFQ+TCM Commissioning
Beam duty factor: 1.5 ‰
TCM 2 cavities output energy: 3.39 MeV(1st )/3.68 MeV(2nd )
TCM transmission：98%
RFQ+TCM transmission：93.4%, output current: 10.1mA
Eout=3.68MeV
Two FCTs downstream
TCM with 2 cavities on
RFQACCT signal:5.5V, Corresponding beam current：11mA
MEBT1 end ACCT signal:5.1375V, beam current: 10.3mA
DCCT (downstream TCM) signal:5.0483V，
Corresponding beam current：10.1mA
The DCCT signal after TCM
Two ACCT signals before & after RFQ
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13. Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
ECR+RFQ+CM1
Cavity string: 7 cavities+7 solenoids+7 BPMs
CM1 after assembly
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14. ECR+RFQ+CM1 Commissioning (1)
Cav. Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Eacc(MV/m)
4.42
4.96
4.97
5.03
5.33
5.44
7.75
CM1 output Energy ~ 6.05MeV,7 # Spoke012 Cavity Eacc ~ 7.75MV/m !
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15. ECR+RFQ+CM1 Commissioning (2)
Duty factor : 0.15‰ (5Hz/30us)
CM1 7 Spoke 012 Cavity output Energy : 6.05MeV
CM1 Current : 10.4mA
CM1 Transmission efficiency ：100%
RFQ+CM1 Transmission efficiency ：88.4%
Short
pulse
Duty factor : 2‰ (2Hz/1ms)
CM1 7 Spoke 012 Cavity output Energy : 5.97MeV
CM1 Current : 10.6mA
CM1 Transmission efficiency ：100%
RFQ+CM1 Transmission efficiency ：88.4%
Long pulse
RFQ output/CM1 input
ACCT current：5.3*2=10.6mA
FCT3&FCT4 CM1 Output Energy Measurement
CM1 output
DCCT current：5.3*2=10.6mA
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16. ECR+RFQ+CM1+CM2 Commissioning (1)
Cav. # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Eacc (MV/m)
3.92
5.44
6.52
5.97
6.96
5.14
5.36
5.68
4.92
6.25
6.14
6.67
6.08
3.59
ACCT signal at the exit of Injector-I SC section: *2=10.68 mA （peak current）
Corr. to 10.1MeV
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17. ECR+RFQ+CM1+CM2 Commissioning (2)
The designed target
) of Injector I has been achieved:
Beam energy : 10.1 MeV
Beam current : 10.6 mA
Transmission efficiency (SC section): 100%
Now: Narrow-Pulse,
Target: Long-Pulse and CW
Tunnel of Injector I
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18. LLRF with feedforward control
Spectrum without beam
Beam passing
Stable orbit
Beam passing with feedforward control
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19. Microphonics measurement of TCM
For TCM, Accelerometer was used to measure source of vibration.
By removing the scroll pump from on the cart to on the ground, df vanished at most high frequencies, which means the vibration from the scroll pump was the main driving source of microphonics.
Appreciate the help from Tom Powers of JLAB.
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20. Frequency tuning on line (1)
CM1 tuner decreases frequency by pressing cavities, while CM2 tuner increases it by pulling cavities to enhance mechanical coupling to the cavity and reduce LFD.
There is big variation in frequency of cavities during cool down.
Frequency of 3 CM2 cavities was too high after first cool down.
Cavity
f0_2K
[MHz, before]
Df: 4KvsRT [kHz]
[MHz, after]
CM1-1
546
CM1-2
523
CM1-3
540
CM1-4
462
CM1-5
509
CM1-6
557
CM1-7
496
CM2-1
408
CM2-2
428
CM2-3
511
CM2-4
323
CM2-5
572
CM2-6
519
CM2-7
553
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21. Frequency tuning on line (2)
Maintenance ports for replacing piezo at cryostat were used to tune frequency: cavity was pressed plastically with tooling.
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22. Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Outline
Introduction of C-ADS
Status of injector I at IHEP
Status of Injector II at IMP
Challenger and prospect
TTC Meeting at Saclay
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences

23. General progress of Injector II
ECRIS + LEBT + RFQ + MEBT + TCM1
RFQ commissioning, validate CM design.
June 30th, 2014, 2.15 MeV/10 mA/CW
Feb. 13th, 2015, 2.55 MeV/11 mA/CW
162.5 MHz HWR010
ECRIS+LEBT+RFQ+MEBT+TCM6
June 6th, 2015, 5.2 MeV/10.3 mA/Pulse
June 24th, 2015, 5.3 MeV/2.7 mA/CW
Nov.2015, 4.6 MeV/4 mA/CW
162.5 MHz HWR010
ECRIS + LEBT + RFQ + MEBT + CM1+CM2 +HEBT
Ongoing.
162.5 MHz HWR010
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24. Statistics of Injector II
Accelerator
Beam energy
Beam time CW
10 mA
June, 2015
RFQ
2.1 MeV
1390 h
59 h
10 h
Oct., 2014
TCM1 (1 HWR)
2.5 MeV
208 h
22.5 h
2.5 h
TCM6 (6 HWRs)
5 MeV
400 h
20 h
Imax=4mA
TCM6
CM1+CM2
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25. Vertical test results of HWR010 cavities
22 HWR010s fabricated.
21 HWR010s welded with helium vessel.
All the 21 HWR010s vertical test results are better than the design goal.
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26. Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
df/dp measure on line
df/dp tested on line is -22Hz/mbar, is smaller than vertical test(-52Hz/mbar), which may be due to different boundary conditions.
Cavity No
df/dp tested results
(Hz/mbar)
CM1-1
-26
CM1-2
-22
CM1-4
-20
CM1-5
CM1-6
-21
CM2-3
-19
CM2-4
CM2-5
average
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27. FE data measured after coupler leak
2 couplers leaked because of the bypass of vacuum interlock. Then, the cavities degraded.
Rad (uSv/h)
CM1-4
Vacuum limited Ep<16MV/m, no radiation.
CM2-5
Vacuum interlock.
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28. Main LINAC (Assembling in clean room now)
CM3 cavity string
CM4 cavity string
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29. Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Challenger
RFQ operated in CW mode stably，especially for higher frequency RFQ (325MHz RFQ).
Study the instability of SC cavities.
Investigation of the machine reliability and stability，such as compensation of invalid SC cavities.
More research is needed to be done to further understanding the beam performance.
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30. Prospect: China Initiative Accelerator Driven System
CIADS has been approved by Chinese government in 2015.
Budget: 1.867B CNY, Year
Located at Huizhou of Guangdong Province.
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31. Prospect: China Initiative Accelerator Driven System
CIADS
100 km northeast
Hong Kong
South China Sea
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32. Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Thanks for your attention！
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