1. Bellwork
Get your folder and put in 10 pieces of notebook paper in the brads so it will be ready for your weekly bell work.
Once you have finished, put it back in the Bellwork box for your class.
Get out your study guide for the Age of Exploration and a sheet of paper on which to take notes today.

2. Europeans in the Americas

3. The Spanish Empire in America
Spanish divided empire into 2 central divisions
New Spain
Mexico & Central America
Peru
western coast of South America

4. Spain - Cortés Cortes conquers the Aztecs – 1521 Superior weapons
muskets and cannons
Help from other native American groups
Didn’t like Aztec rule
Malinche – translator
Smallpox
much smaller Native American population to fight

6. Spain - Pizarro Pizarro conquers the Incas– 1532 (Peru)
Battle of Cajamarca
187 Spaniards vs 80,000 Inca Soldiers!!
Incas unprepared for battle
Spanish had Superior weapons and Horses
Inca Atahualpa taken captive

7. Economy in the Americas
Goal = Make Spain profitable
Sugar Cane Introduced to West Indies
Refined into sugar, molasses & rum
BUT Required plantations—large estates run by an owner, or owner's overseer
Encomiendas created – a system giving the Spanish the right to demand labor or tribute (payment) from Native Americans
NOTE: System was meant to be fair labor, but led to brutal slavery—starvation & cruel treatment to those who resisted

9. Opposition to Spanish Rule
Bartolomeo de la Casas
Outspoken Spanish Priest
Spoke out against cruel treatment of native Americans
1542 – Encomienda system abolished
African labor promoted by many to replace Native American labor

11. FRANCE - Cartier: sailed up the St Lawrence River,
Established -“Mount Royal” Mont Real = Montreal.
Became NEW FRANCE

12. $$$$$$ New France Area was very large, but sparsely populated
France was interested in TRADE.
NOT interested in establishing colonies.
Did NOT build town or establish families
$$$$$$

13. ENGLISH
1607 – King James approves a charter by English investors to found a colony in North America. – Jamestown
After a disastrous beginning of searching for gold, farmer discovered their own type of gold – tobacco
Puritans – fled Anglican Church persecution in England
Brought families to build a model community

14. The Netherlands – the Dutch
Establish New Amsterdam (modern-day NYC)
Henry Hudson –
Englishman in service of Netherlands looking for route to Asia
Established trade with Iroquois Indians
Expanded the fur trade - again, like the French, lots of profit, but limited colonists

15. The Netherlands – the Dutch

16. The Caribbean
Europeans countries colonized the Caribbean Island (taking over some land from Spain)
French – Haiti, Guadalupe, Martinique
English – Barbados and Jamaica
Dutch – Antilles and Aruba
Each Build huge Cotton and Sugar plantations
Demand HUGE amounts of labor

17. North American Battle
The English, getting permission from the Duke of York, drive out the Dutch and claim “New York”
Dutch surrender without a shot.
Expanding English colonies clash with French lands holdings
French and Indian War (1750s)
English win and control most of North America