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The Hydrosphere Lecture 04 Chapter 4.

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Presentation on theme: "The Hydrosphere Lecture 04 Chapter 4."— Presentation transcript:

1 The Hydrosphere Lecture 04 Chapter 4

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4 The isotope water cycle

5 Global Meteoric Water Line

6 GMWL = many LMWLs

7 Evaporation

8 Evaporation of small reservoir

9 Evaporation of infinite reservoir

10 Evaporation slopes

11 Deuterium excess and relative humidity

12 Local Meteoric Water Lines

13 Rayleigh Distillation

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15 IAEA GNIP Stations

16 Global Distribution From Bowen, Geology. Bowen, G.J. and Wilkinson, B., Spatial distribution of delta O-18 in meteoric precipitation. Geology, 30(4):

17 Temperature Effect Clark and Fritz, p. 65

18 Continental effect

19 Continental Effect in Alaska

20 Altitude effect Dd180 = d18O at base of mountain minus d18O value higher up

21 Altitude effect

22 Altitude gradients

23 Amount effect

24 Source effect

25 Seasonal effect

26 Seasonal/Source effect at LAS

27 Isoscapes Based on Multiple regression analysis of linear correlations to climate/physiographic parameters Or… Contouring/kriging (spatial interpolation).

28 Groundwaters

29 Leviathan Cave, NV Drips and pool waters vary from δ18O = to ‰ Consistent with winter precipitation in Las Vegas

30 Geothermal systems

31 Basinal Brines/Formation waters

32 Ice core paleoclimatology
Quelccaya Ice Cap - Peru

33 The Greenland Ice Sheet record
Dansgaard: d18O = 0.69*T-13.6 How much was temperature depressed during the full glacial period? Any assumptions?

34 The Antarctic Ice Sheet record


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