1. Geography

2. What is Geography??

3. Lines of Latitude

4. Lines of Longitude

5. Coordinates

6. Small Scale: The map covers a LARGE area

7. Large Scale: The map covers a SMALL area

8. The Main Tool in Studying Geography: Maps- but Maps LIE
Maps Lie: What you see on a map is an incorrect and distorted representation of the world. Why?
The World is a (3) Dimensional Sphere
Maps are on paper, which is a (2) Dimensional object

9. Map Projections: Making Maps Farther away from the center of the projection the more distorted

10. Mercator Map: What is distorted?

11. So why use maps if they are not correct?

12. Easier to use and carry than globes and there is not a lot of distortion on large scale maps

13. On a map what is the shortest way between Point A and Point B?

14. Answer: A straight line of course- basic geometry Is that true in the real world?
Point A
Point B

15. No- The shortest way is not a straight line: Look at the path of airplanes (3D trigonometry and calculus

16. Types of Geography and Maps

17. The Main Separate Fields
Physical Geography: Focuses on geography as a earth science.
A Few of the main sub-fields of Physical Geography
Climatology- study weather over a long period of time and its effects on the rest of the world
Geomorphology- study of landforms: why natural landforms look the way they do
Hydrology- the study of the movement of water throughout earth
Oceanography- study of the oceans including marine life, ocean floor, currents, waves etc.
There are many other more specific sub-fields

18. Climatology

19. Geomorphology

20. Hydrology

21. Oceanography

22. 2. Human Geography: Study of the way humans interact with the earth
Few main sub-fields of Human Geography
Political Geography- The study of the interaction of countries (states) in the world
Historical Geography- How history has influence the distribution of people, cultures and countries (states) in the world today
Economic Geography- Studies why certain economic activities are located where they are. EX) Guatemala= sugar, coffee. China= textiles. Japan= Electonics.

23. Political Geography

24. Economic Activity Map

25. 3. Environmental Geography
Study of the spatial aspects between humans and the natural world
This field bridges human and physical geography
Map of deforestation in the Amazon rainforest

26. Types of Maps
1) Climate Maps: General information about different climate zones or precipitation amounts

27. 2. Economic or Resource Maps: Show where different types of economic activity or natural resources take place

28. 3. Physical Maps: Show differences in elevation
3. Physical Maps: Show differences in elevation. Green is usually lower elevation, and orange and brown are higher elevations See: Page 20

29. 4. Political Maps: Do not show elevations
4. Political Maps: Do not show elevations. They show cities and capitals with state and international boundaries

30. Thematic Maps: These maps have certain information about a place or region… see page 21

31. 5. Road Maps: Show highways and some minor roads along with points of interest

32. 6. Topographical Maps: They have contour lines that show the shape and elevation of an area.