1. Basic Concepts Part I
Human Geography

2. Bell Work
Answer the following questions in your online notebook that is already shared with me. Make sure to Date this entry!
Below are various questions and or tasks. You do not have to answer them but copy and paste a picture or map that you would use to answer them.
Name the continents of the world and what hemisphere they are in.
List all the countries in South America from South to North
List 10 states that are on the U.S. East Coast
List 10 voting districts in North Carolina
List 5 towns or cities that touch or neighbor Charlotte, NC
Describe how you would get from Bank of America Stadium to the Bank of America tower (Bank of America Corporate Center)

3. Human Geography Two questions Geographers strive to answer
Where- Where are people and activities found on Earth?
Why- Why are they found there?

4. Map skills are essential to answer questions of…Where?

5. Cartographer Definition: The science of map-making
Two reasons to use maps:
As a reference tool (to keep us from getting lost)
As a communications tool (to explain where something is distributed)

6. Two basic map reading skills/understanding
Scale
Projection

7. I. Scale
Definition- Refers to the relationship of a feature’s size on a map to its actual size on Earth.
Scale is presented in three different forms.
Ratio
Written
Graphic scale

8. 1. Ratio
Ratio Scale- Fractional scale shows the numerical ratio between distances on the map and Earth’s surface.
Example below…

9. 2. Written Scale
Describes relationship between map and Earth distances in words.
Example below…

10. 3. Graphic Scale
Use of symbols, usually bar line, used to show distance on Earths surface.
Example below….

11. Scale is a simple math problem
Which number is larger?
½ or ¼
Try this one
1/1,000 or 1/10,000
What is the difference between
1:10,000 or 1:100,000
What does this mean on a map?
1:10,000
a scale of 1:10,000 means that one inch on a map corresponds to 10,000 inches on the ground

12. Do you think the scale is larger for a map of a city or country?
City→County→State→Region→Country→Continent→World

13. Scale can change information and understanding

15. Atlanta

16. Yes you can eat your oranges when you're done…..
Directions:
Identify and mark on the orange the locations of the North Pole and South Pole.
Then locate the spot that is halfway between the two poles and use a marker to draw a line around the Earth at that point, which geographers refer to as the equator.
Draw a few lines of longitude on the map.
Then draw shapes to represent the continents on Earth.
Choose two points on the orange and measure the distance between them.
Use a pencil to pierce the skin of the orange, then use your fingers to get under the skin to peel it off the grapefruit. Try to keep as much of the "globe" intact as possible
Discuss:
How was shape projected differently.
Did the distance between two areas change?
Did any of the continents size change? What is this type of projection called?
Did you notice any change in direction?

17. II. Projection
Definition- Transferring locations on Earth’s surface to a flat map.
4 types of distortions
Shape-Area appears more elongated or shorter than in reality
Distance-Distance between two points is disproportionate.
Relative size- Alters area to appear larger or smaller then they are in reality.
Direction-Direction from one place to another can be incorrect on map.

18. Robinson

19. Interrupted Projection

20. Can projection be prejudice?
You decide….
Annotate the maps: Circle, write thoughts/comments. What differences do you see between the two maps? How might these differences between these maps favor one region over the other? What questions would you like to ask the class about these maps (make your peers think)?

21. Try this one on for size http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eLqC3FNNOaI

22. Wherever you are is the center of the Earth
China / Japan: In modern times, Chinese and Japanese maps are split at the Atlantic, so have Japan right in the middle and China near the center. [ Source: personal observation by Francis in early 2003; from Jez who used to live in Japan ] In Tokyo, English language maps that are for sale are printed in Australia; the maps in both countries are Pacific Centred. [ Source: from Rev ]
India (Ancient): Sanskrit "daksa" means 'able, strong, dexterous'; whence "daksina" meaning both 'right' and 'south'. Presumably this indicates that they used maps with East at the top. [ Source: from Anton. Anybody know anything about map orientation in India, ancient or modern? ]
New Zealand: Upsidedown or "corrected" maps are becoming more popular, especially with tourists. For example, a tea towel with such a map saying "no longer down under". [ Source: from Jez who has bought such a towel ] As a child, a New Zealand friend always referred to the maps with North at the top as "the wrong way up", and this page's "upside down" maps as "the right way up" or "the way it's supposed to be..." [ Source: from CH ]

23. Pacific Centered Map

24. For each map do the following:
Identify the type of projection used by the cartographer. (1 point)
 2. Discuss ONE weakness and ONE strength of each map for the display of this specific data set. (4 points)

25. Article Issue Analysis
Head to my website and open the article, “The Most Popular Map of the World is Highly Misleading” under AP Notes and then under Basic Concepts.
Summarize the article in 5-7 sentences.
Arguments?
Evidence?
Conclusions?
Bias?
Credibility?

26. Projection Maps of All Shapes and Sizes:
Research different types of maps (focusing on projection types)
Provide a picture example
Provide a written explanation of the map
Provide pros and cons