1. Characteristics of Life
What characteristics must something have in order to be considered living?

2. Biology Living things are classified into five kingdoms:
Animals
Plants
Fungi
Protists
Bacteria
The study of living things
Bio = life
-ology = study of

3. Living vs. Nonliving Living Biotic Called Organisms
Made up of cells (Unicellular and multicellular)
Examples: Plants, Animals, People

4. Nonliving
Abiotic
Examples: Soil, Rocks Water, Air

5. 1. Living things require energy
The ability to do work.
Where do we get our energy?
Producers vs. Consumers
Metabolism: Sum of all chemical rxn’s that take in & transform energy & materials from the environment.
The sun is the ultimate source of energy

6. 2. Grow and Develop
Growth: Increase in the amount of living material in an organism.
Caused by cell division
Development: Series of changes an organism goes through to reach maturity.
Caused by cell division and cell differentiation
Ex. Puberty and Metamorphosis

7. 3. Homeostasis
Maintaining balance or a steady state internally, regardless of external changes.
Examples:
Body Temperature
Glucose (sugar)
pH balance

8. 4. Display Organization Cells shows how organized the body is.
Atom -> Molecule -> Cells -> Tissues -> Organs -> Systems -> YOU!!
Cell: Basic organizational unit of life
Contain special structures called organelles that carry out the life processes of the cell
Unicellular: Made up of only one cell
Multicellular: Made up of more than one cell

9. 5. Reproduction Having offspring
Organisms transmit hereditary information in a molecule called DNA:
DNA -> Genes -> Chromosomes - > Nucleus -> Cell

10. Two kinds of reproduction…
Sexual:
2 Parents
Sperm + egg -> zygote
Offspring is a combination of both parents
Offspring is different from parents; variation
Example: Meiosis

11. Asexual: 1 parent Offspring is identical to parent
Offspring are identical to each other; no variation
Example: Binary Fission, Budding, Cloning, Mitosis

12. 6. Response to the Environment
Living organisms respond to stimuli
A physical or chemical change in the internal or external environment
Example: Dilation of pupils, shivering to keep warm.
Stimulus: Condition in the environment that causes an organism to adjust
Response: Reaction to a stimulus

13. Adaptation Organisms change (evolve) over time.
Natural Selection: organisms with favorable traits will
live longer and pass those traits to their offspring
Increases an organisms odds of survival in a changing world/environment
Example: Color change, thicker fur, speed, etc.

14. STERNGRR FLIP CHART
Paper, Scissors, Pencil

15. Synthesis
Transport
Excretion
Regulation
Nutrition
Growth
Respiration
Reproduction

16. Synthesis Creating larger molecules from smaller ones. Examples:
Photosynthesis
Protein Synthesis

17. Transport Moving materials throughout an organisms system
Transport includes:
Circulation for many cells
Circulatory System
Absorption for single cells
Diffusion
Osmosis

18. Excretion The removal of waste. How does an organism get rid of waste?
Diffusion, Osmosis
Organs, Organ systems

19. Regulation Maintaining an internal balance (AKA homeostasis)
Controlling and regulating various activities by:
Cell communication, sense
Examples: Nervous system, Hormones

20. Nutrition
Gathering and eating the food sources needed to create energy
Living things MUST obtain energy and nutrients from the environment:
Two ways to get energy:
Autotroph: make their own food (glucose)
Heterotroph: cannot make their own food (glucose)
Two ways to get material
Producers: get carbon from CO2
Consumers: get carbon from producers

21. Growth Increasing in size & changing into a better form.
Development is a change in form from child to adult
Involves an increase in:
Number of cells (multicellular)
Size of cells (unicellular)

22. Respiration The act of breaking the food down into energy. Two types:
Anaerobic: Does NOT use oxygen
Aerobic: Uses oxygen

23. Reproduction Asexual and sexual Internal and External Fertilization
Eggs and Live Birth

25. Scientists discovered a new “organism” called a floop
Scientists discovered a new “organism” called a floop.  Floops are able to divide into new organisms and produce their own food.  
What 2 characteristics of life do floops exhibit?  
Can you be sure that a floop is a living thing? Why or why not?