1. CommUNIcation

2. 1. What is communication? The process:
Sender: create and send a message
Receiver: receives and process the message

3. Activity: Telephone Game
I have a statement that I am going to whisper into (name of first person’s) ear. S/he is going to whisper statement into (2nd person) ear..
The trick is that a person can only say the statement once, NO REPEATING ALLOWED! Whatever you hear, pass along the statement the best you can to the next person.
The last person will say aloud what he/she heard.

4. 2. Why is communication an important skill to learn?
Every goal/task you do is affected by communication
Basis for good relationships
Necessary to keep track of family and friends
Keeps you in touch with the world

5. 3. What are the characteristics of ethical communication?
Open & honest
Helps others
Does not harm them
Shows respect
Ethics – a set of moral principles (you are trying to do what is correct)
Ethical communication ensures that you communicate all the essential information honestly and openly - you do not attempt to hide or downplay certain facts that might affect the opinion of your audience

6. 4. Name the four elements that are part of successful communication.
Communication channels
Participation
Timing
Use of space

7. 5. What are the two different communication channels?
Verbal communication
Spoken words
Written word
Nonverbal communication
Communication without words
Gestures
Facial expressions
Posture

8. 6. What is the importance of participation in successful communication?
2 or more people engage in sharing a message
Balance in the give-and-take of ideas
Requires listening

9. 7. Why is timing important in communication?
Affects how the message is received
Relates to whether the receiver is able to concentrate on the message
Communicate important messages when someone is willing and ready to listen
Ask questions to assess other person’s mood

10. 8. Explain how use of space is used in communication.
Communication is best when people are at ease with the space between them
Make sure all participants are facing each other
Keep eyesight on the same level

11. Public Zone Social Zone Zone
Personal
Intimate
Zone
Zone

12. 8. Use of Space (continued)
Intimate Zone
Within 2 feet of the body
Close intimate distance
Very important people allowed here
Most people feel uncomfortable with strangers in this zone
Avoid eye contact

13. 8. Use of Space (continued)
Personal Zone
2-3 feet from the body
Can still touch
Conversation is private
For people you know

14. 8. Use of Space (continued)
Social Zone
1-3 yards from the body
Good eye contact important
Business transactions

15. 8. Use of Space (continued)
Public Zone
3 yards and out from the body
For groups and other impersonal situations
Used in classrooms

16. 9. List all suggestions for keeping communication positive.
Treat everyone with respect
Encourage others to share their ideas
Compliment others for good ideas & suggestions
Keep an open mind to others point of view
Share your thoughts and feelings
Consider how others feel
Be sensitive

17. Video Response: What does the term valuing diversity mean?
How can you value diversity?
Which stereotype have you had a difficult time communicating with before?
What were some tips to improve communication with that stereotype?

18. Activity: Mini Golf
Find a partner and get a mini golf paper from your teacher
Your pencil will be your “club” and a crumbled up piece of paper will be your “golf ball”
One person will need to close their eyes while their partner instructs them how to move around the course to reach the end
If the ball goes off the course at any point, you will need to go back to start
Make sure you are using effective communication!!

19. Section 2
I know you believe you understand what you think I said, but I am not sure you realize that what you hear is not what I meant.
You spend 45% of your time listening – so if your not a good listener = poor communicator!
Average person speaks 150 wpm yet listens 1,000 wpm = lots of extra time
What do you do with that extra time?
What are some things you can do to stay focused?

20. 1. What is involved in listening well?
Understanding the words spoken
Understanding the feelings behind the words
Feeling compassion
Empathy – compassion/sympathy

21. 2. Compare/Contrast the 2 types of listening.
Active listening
Try to understand what the speaker is feeling
Try to understand what the message really means
Taking an active part
Asks questions
Restating information
More effective!

22. 2. Compare/Contrast the 2 types of listening.
Passive listening
Listener’s feelings & thoughts are not involved
Responses invite speaker to share ideas
Responses do not have judgments/ideas
Ex: Tell me more! Really??
Passive = inactive

23. 3. Examples of body language that identify an involved listener
Leaning toward the speaker
Maintaining eye contact between speaker & listener
Using encouraging gestures

24. Are you an active or passive listener…
Misunderstandings are often caused by how our biases or expectations affect what we see and hear. We jump to conclusions; we make assumptions with very liRead “The Story” to the class

25. A man appeared after the owner had turned off his store lights.
?: A businessman turned off the lights. We don’t know if this man is the owner
The man demanded money.
True!
The man who opened the cash register was the owner.
?: The owner opened the cash register but we don’t know if the owner is a man

26. The store owner scooped up the contents of the cash register and ran away
?: We don’t know who scooped up the contents of the cash register
After the man who demanded money scooped up the contents of the cash register, he ran away
?: We don’t know if the person ran away or drove away
While the cash register contained money, the story does not say how much
?: We don’t if there was money in the cash register. The contents could have been jewelry, important papers, etc.

27. The Wright Family Story
After story, ask:
Was it hard to listen and pass the object at the same time?
Did you get frustrated when you or others couldn’t keep up with the story?
How much of the story can you remember?
What does this activity tell us about communication? Teamwork? Listening skills?

28. 4. Why are “I-messages” an effective way to communicate?
States what you are thinking/feeling
Encourage positive responses
Less threatening than “you-messages”
Behavior + Feeling + Effects
I-message begins with a statement of feelings “I feel afraid, worried, tense..”
Followed by a statement of what the problem is “..when you are late to pick me up, when you skip class”

29. 5. Why are messages that start with “you” problematic?
May be a direct attack on a person and their actions
May blame another person for the speaker’s feelings

30. 6. Why is feedback important in good communication?
Indicates whether the message was understood correctly

31. Kelly has been standing in line for over two hours to buy a concert ticket. The rule is, one person, one ticket. Her feet are killing her and she knows she is in trouble with her mom, who expected her home by now. But there are only five people left in front of her and she is sure she will get a ticket. Out of nowhere, two girls from school walk up, make a big deal about meeting up with their friend who just happens to be standing in front of Kelly, and take place in line in front of her.

32. What do you think Kelly should do?

33. Group 1: she should stand there, get angry, but not say anything
Group 2: call girls names, threaten to hurt them if they didn’t move to the end of the line
Group 3: speak up and tell them to go to the back of the line

34. How will Kelly feel after making the response you chose?
How do you think the two girls who butted in line will feel if Kelly responds like you?
What is the worst thing that could happen if Kelly makes your response?

35. Passive: not expressing your own needs and feelings
Aggressive: asking/saying what you want in a threating way
Assertive: asking for what you want in a honest way

36. 7. Qualities of assertive communication
Speaking up without being rude
Not letting others’ opinion overpower yours
Giving both positive and negative points without hurting others
Expressing your opinion and letting others express their opinion
Assertiveness means telling people your needs or ideas clearly and directly. It means not being afraid or shy when you tell people what you want.

37. Assertive communication
State your position
“No, I can’t”
Explain your reasoning
“I have something else to do that day.”
Express understanding
“I hope your can find something else.”
Assertiveness means telling people your needs or ideas clearly and directly. It means not being afraid or shy when you tell people what you want.

38. Work in groups to create skits that illustrate assertive behavior in the following circumstances:
Returning a defective product to a department store
Asking a parent for a raise in allowance
Turning down a date.
Asking to borrow an older sibling’s clothes

39. 8. What is the first step in overcoming communication barriers?
Recognizing habits or situations that create barriers

40. 9. Communication problems
Mind reading
Avoiding subjects
Mixed messages
Interference of noise barrier
Silence
Different outlooks

41. 9. Communication problems Mind reading
People assume they know what another is thinking
Often comes to the wrong conclusion
Mind read because they are too impatient
Do not want to listen
A way to dominate the conversation

42. 9. Communication problems Avoiding subjects
Death and divorce are common subjects to avoid
Open conversation by referring to something similar

43. 9. Communication problems Mixed messages
Spoken words do not match body language
Confuses the receiver
When a mixed message is sent, the nonverbal message expresses the sender’s true feelings

44. 9. Communication problems Interference of Noise Barrier
Communication is hard to complete when there are interferences

45. 9. Communication problems Silence
Can mean disinterest, hostility, boredom or outright “war”
Afraid of being laughed at
Most common response in youth and children during family conflict

46. 9. Communication problems Different outlooks
Different ideas about the same message
Age difference

47. 10. When people have different outlooks, what communication skill is important?
Assertive communication
You can tell your ideas and feelings and let others express their opinions

48. Section 3: Nonverbal Communication

49. 1. Nonverbal Communication
Sadness – most of the long lasting emotions
Chin drops down, eyelids tend to droop, crease across forehead, mouth pulled downward, raised lower eyelids, raised inner eyelids
Melting off face
Surprise – fastest emotion
Eyebrows curve & rise up, whites of eyes seen, upper eyelids go up, lower eyelids round, wrinkles across forehead, mouth opens

50. 1. Nonverbal Communication
Fear
Eyebrows raised & drawn together, upper eyelid rises up, whites seen above iris, lips parted, pulled down tense
Anger
Brows wrinkled & gets lowered, lip tension, nostril flaring

51. 1. Nonverbal Communication
Disgust
Forehead relaxed, eyebrow lowered,
wrinkling up the nose, tense lower lid,
raised upper lip
Happiness
Relaxed forehead, narrow eyes, crows feet, lines under eyes, raised cheeks, mouth corners up, teeth showing

52. 2. Types of Nonverbal Communication
Facial Expressions
Increase the intensity of your emotions
Postures and Gestures
The way a person carries themselves or moves communicates information or perceptions of people
Posture can create a feeling of openness or rejection

53. 3. What feedback does nonverbal communication give to the sender?
Cues as to your emotions
Send clearer messages
Truer expression of feelings than verbal

54. 4. Feedback Positive: Negative (Barriers): Good eye contact
Good posture
Nodding of encouragement
Negative (Barriers):
Folded arms, legs crossed
Tapping
Shaking head
Staring at people OR avoiding eye contact
Fidgeting
Distracted
Rolling/flashing eyes
Gestures made with frustration/irritation
Slouching, hunching over

55. It’s Nonverbal Communication Day!
Grab the direction sheet on my desk.
You will also need a blank sheet of paper.
Read the directions and get started.
There should be no verbal communication. If you choose to use verbal communication, you will lose points on this assignment.

56. Before you leave..
Turn in your sheet of paper with all your observations work from today.
Place the Nonverbal Communication Day packet back on my desk
Don’t forget food for the party tomorrow for bonus points!!
TEST ON COMMUNICATION Thursday April 6th!!
Grab a green notecard and write 3 questions to ask Mr. Korcinsky tomorrow. Questions should be related to communicating with different cultures.

57. Focus Question:
Why is it essential for us to be able to communicate?

58. Levels of Communication

59. Small Talk

60. Level 1: Small Talk No sharing of yourself or personal feelings
Ex: weather
Used when you meet new people.

61. Tell facts about yourself
Small Talk

62. Level 2: Tell facts about yourself and others
Examples of facts: background, interests, skills.
No personal feelings
Report only facts

63. Express Ideas
Tell facts about yourself
Small Talk

64. Level 3: Expressing ideas
If you feel comfortable with people, you will express some of your ideas
You are watching for rejection or acceptance
If your ideas are accepted, then you will go into level 4

65. Tell facts about yourself
Share Feelings
Express Ideas
Tell facts about yourself
Small Talk

66. Level 4: Sharing feelings
You are able to share some thoughts and feelings, but still on guard

67. Tell facts about yourself
Be Completely Honest
Share Feelings
Express Ideas
Tell facts about yourself
Small Talk

68. Level 5: Being completely honest
Also known as peak communication
Share all feelings and ideas
Others will accept and respect these ideas and feelings without question
Complete openness and honesty

69. Improving communication
Read Virginia Satir and Communication handout

70. Patterns of communication
PLACATING
Always agreeing
Always pleasing others
Called “yes-men”

71. Patterns of communication
BLAMING
Blames others
Tries to control others
Person is loud, tyrannical, puts everyone down

72. Patterns of communication
COMPUTING
People who hide feelings
Uses big words and stays away from emotional upsets
Never gets close to people

73. Patterns of communication
DISTRACTING
Whatever he says or does, does not relate to what anyone else is saying or doing
Ignores questions
Changes subject
Acts as if surroundings are meaningless

74. Focus Question:
Why is it essential for us to be able to communicate?