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Environmental Chemistry
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Carbon cycle Photosynthesis stores C in terrestrial and ocean biosphere Respiration releases CO2 back to atmosphere In order to allow build up of free O2, must not allow organic C to decay
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Oxygen produced in photosynthesis is consumed by reactions with reduced Fe and S from lithosphere:
2 FeS2 + 15/2 O2 + 4 H2O Fe2O3 + 4 H2SO4
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Links https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/
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CO2 is increasing due to fossil fuel combustion
CH2O + O2 CO2 + H2O
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Atmospheric O2 trend If CO2 is increasing, O2 should be decreasing
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Nitrogen Cycle Processes
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Brasseur, Orlando, and Tyndall, Atmospheric chemistry and global change, 1999.
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Phase diagram for water
Thin line – saturation vapor pressure above supercooled liquid water Jacob, Intro to Atmospheric Chemistry, 1999.
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Water/Ice vapor pressure table
Torr 100 760.0 -2 3.88 -30 .29 60 149.4 -4 3.28 -32 .23 50 92.51 -6 2.76 -34 .19 40 55.32 -8 2.33 -36 .15 30 31.82 -10 1.95 -38 .12 20 17.54 -12 1.63 -40 .097 10 9.21 -14 1.36 -42 .077 5 6.54 -16 1.13 -44 .061 4 6.10 -18 .94 -50 .0296 3 5.69 -20 .78 -60 .0081 2 5.29 -22 .64 -65 .004 1 4.93 -24 .53 -70 .002 4.58 -26 .43 -80 .0004
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Solar irradiance spectrum
Graedel and Crutzen, Atmospheric Change, 1993
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Lifetime and variability
Hobbs, IAC, 2000.
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