1. English Colonization

2. New World Holdings

3. Reasons to flee Protestant Reformation Defeat of Spain
Enclosure movement
primogeniture
Joint-stock Companies

4. English Colony Types: Royal – Subject to Crown government
Proprietary – Crown delegated governance to an individual
Corporate – Investors govern

5. English Colonies Corporate Virginia 1607 Royal 1624
Mass Royal 1691
Rhode Is *
Connecticut *
Delaware *
Proprietary
New York Royal 1685
Maryland *
New Hampshire Royal 1679
N. Carolina Royal 1729
S. Carolina Royal 1729
New Jersey Royal 1702
Pennsylvania *
Georgia Royal 1752
*Never made royal

6. The colonies

13. Population Growth

14. Chesapeake
Jamestown = settlement, Virginia = colony, Chesapeake = region
Virginia Company charter – 1607
Goals?
Early challenges to survival
The “Starving Times”
1695: 1,200 survived out of 8,000
Powhatan Confederacy
Calm before the storm
“Irish tactics”
Indians had no econ value

15. Chesapeake cont. Headright system Make the colony more attractive
Indentured Servants
Women indentured -> slower pop growth
Slaves too $$$
House of Burgesses
Royal in 1624

16. New England September 1620 set sail
102 men, women, children (only 35 were Pilgrims)
Church of England Separatists
Leave for Virginia, end up in Massachusetts

17. Location, Location, Location
New Plymouth
Protected Harbor
High Grounds for Defense
Rocky and rugged
Geographically condensed
Terrain dictated a different economic structure from Chesapeake

18. Massachusetts Bay New England Company - 1628
In 1629, new charter changed the name to the Massachusetts Bay Company
In 1630, John Winthrop, brought the charter and about 1,000 more people
MBC Board moved to Boston giving the colony more autonomy

19. “A City on a Hill”
The Puritans (Congregationalists) observed a simple form of worship
Emphasis on education
Each Puritan community established self-governing congregations
Collective more imp. than individual
Covenants – how did they distinguish Puritan colonies from other colonies?
What was the consequence for failure?

22. Demographics
1650:      33, :      60, :    120, :    250, :    500, : 1,000,000
Lower mortality compared to other English colonies and England itself

23. English colonial life
Influx of English goods results in colonies resembling motherland
Glorious Rev cements rights of Englishmen
“gentlemen” emerge and grow in social status and importance
North more self-sufficient than South
Land shortages = look west, not enough to pass on to children
Coverature
Ches. women had some property rights due to death