1. Becoming a Nation, State, & Country
AP Human Geography
Political Organization of Space Unit

2. For today, 01/11
Without any sources, know what border is shown in pic?
Okay, fine. Google it. 

3. What is it? What are examples of it? Nation State Nation-state Country
What is it?
What are examples of it?
Nation
Relatively homogeneous culture - united by common descent, history, language, religion, etc.
 Cherokee Nation, The Kurds, Palestine
State
 Area organized into a political unit; ruled by an established government that has control over internal and foreign affairs
 USA, Canada, Mexico, China, Brazil
Nation-state
 Independent country dominated by a relatively homogeneous culture group (nation)
 Japan, Iceland, North Korea, South Korea
Country
  USA, Canada, Mexico, China, Brazil
state
  Division within a State
 Texas, Indiana, Ohio, Florida, Nevada. Chihuahua (Mexico), Rondonia (Brazil), etc.

5. Political Culture
Some state systems separate church & state while others are theocracies- governments led by religious leaders. (secular vs. non-secular)
Robert Sach coined the term human territoriality to describe the way political space is organized.
Robert Ardrey compares human territoriality to the instinct of animals to control & defend territory.
Land ownership-some societies have communal ownership while others emphasize individual ownership. (Africa-imperialism, Indians of N. America).
Challenges to political territory provides a strong motivation for warfare.

6. Territoriality 

8. End of divine right led to increased nationalism
WWI
In 1648, Europe was divided into dozens of small territories.

9. Diffusion of the Nation-State Model
Colonialism and Imperialism
North America
Asia
Africa

10. Dominant Colonial Influences, 1550-1950

11. “Kurdistan?” Stateless Nations
Sovereignty-complete control over a territory’s political & military affairs. Some nations do not have their own state-this can lead to conflict.
Palestinians are the most well known example -a stateless nation in conflict with Israel over territory.
Kurds-about 20 million people live in Kurdistan-which covers 6 states.
1990s the Palestinian Arabs gained control of fragments of territory, but most of the 6.5 million Palestinians still live in Israel and elsewhere.
Jordan 2.1 million
Lebanon 400,000
Syria 350,000
Today radical Hamas has taken over Gaza (occupied by Israel until 2005) after defeating Abbas & the Fatah movement founded by Yasir Arafat.
Gaza faces (pop. 1.4 million in 140 square miles) 50% unemployment
“Kurdistan?”

12. Multi-Ethnic and Multi-National
Multi-Ethnic State – State with several ethnicities that contribute to a national identity. Example: United States, Nigeria
Multi-National State – State with several nations. Examples: United Kingdom, Russia
1990s the Palestinian Arabs gained control of fragments of territory, but most of the 6.5 million Palestinians still live in Israel and elsewhere.
Jordan 2.1 million
Lebanon 400,000
Syria 350,000
Today radical Hamas has taken over Gaza (occupied by Israel until 2005) after defeating Abbas & the Fatah movement founded by Yasir Arafat.
Gaza faces (pop. 1.4 million in 140 square miles) 50% unemployment