1. Cell to Organism
Module 2.4 (page 77)

2. Cells-tissues-organs-systems
In unicellular organisms, the single cell performs all life functions. It functions independently.
Multicellular organisms have various levels of organization within them.
When you first look at an animal, you see the whole animal. But it has parts that make it up.  What you don't see is that it is made up of many parts and levels of organization.
Cells-tissues-organs-systems

3. 4 Different levels of organisation in complex organisms
Level 1 Cells
Are the basic unit of structure and function in living
things. May serve a specific function within the organism
Examples- blood cells, nerve cells, bone cells, etc.
Level 2 Tissues
Made up of cells that are similar in structure and
function and which work together to perform a
specific activity. Examples- muscle, bone, blood
Level 3 Organs
Made up of tissues that work together to perform a
specific activity. An organ contains two different types
of tissue working together. Examples - heart, brain, skin
Level 4 Systems
Groups of organs that work together to perform a
specific function. Two or more organs working together Examples - circulatory system, nervous system, skeletal system
4 Different levels of organisation in complex organisms

4. Tissues in the human body

5. Tissues in the human body
Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
Muscle tissue
Nerve
tissue
Made up of cells that form surfaces over other organs
Eg: epidermis (skin)
Supports and holds together other tissues in the body
Eg: blood, fat, bone, cartilage, ligament, tendon
Tissue that can contract, becoming shorter and fatter
Eg: biceps in your arm
Send electrical signals around the body
Eg: spinal cord,
Tissues in the human body

6. Materials are transported around the plant via vascular tissue
Xylem transports water from the roots
Phloem carries glucose from the leaves to other parts of the plant
Tissues in plants

7. Organs
All of the different tissues contribute to the job the organ is required to do.
Examples:
Skin (see diagram)
Liver
Kidneys
Heart
Brain

8. Organs – The Heart
Tissues work together to pump blood around the body. The blood carries nutrients and oxygen to cell and carries wastes such as carbon dioxide away from cells

9. Plant Organs Leaves Stems Roots Organ in which photosynthesis occurs
Organ that holds the leaves of the plant up to the light.
Carry water (xylem)
Transport glucose (phloem)
Roots
Organ that takes water into the plant from
the soil
Plant Organs

10. Photosynthesis Carbon dioxide Water Glucose Oxygen
Plants use energy from the sun to combine carbon dioxide and water to form glucose (energy source) and oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Water
Glucose
Oxygen

11. Plant Summary Absorbed via the leaves Glucose transported via Phloem
Water transported via Xylem
Stomata control movement
Absorbed via the roots

12. Organs are organised so they can work together to
Reproductive system
Excretory system
Immune system
Respiratory system
Organ Systems
Organs are organised so they can work together to
complete a task.
Eg: different organs work together to break down the food your eat into a form the body can use
Skeletal system
Muscular system
Respiratory system
Nervous system
Digestive system

13. The digestive system

14. Summary

15. Cell to Systems

16. Review Questions Cell Wall (page 85) Q3,4,5,6,7,13,16,17
Keeps the cells shape (usually rectangular)
Acts as the skeleton of the plant
Lies outside the cell membrane
Only in plant cells, fungi cells and monera cells
Review Questions
(page 85)
Cell Wall
Q3,4,5,6,7,13,16,17